CAJ | 학술논문

高产能籽瓜破碎取籽机是籽加工过程中的关键设备，可一次性完成籽瓜瓜籽、瓜瓤和瓜皮的分离.根据目前机型存在的产能低，瓜籽的损失率大，脱净率、洁净率低等问题，对取籽机的关键部件破碎辊和一级破碎分离装置中的分离辊进行改进设计.在破碎辊轴上安装扁刃型瓜刀，并在瓜刀下方设有刀砧，瓜刀能迅速抓住下落的籽瓜并将其强制向下切成两瓣.分离辊根据人手掏瓜的动作，采用仿生手结构.针对整机性能的影响因素进行正交试验，采用模糊综合评价法对试验结果进行分析，结果表明，影响整机性能的因素主次顺序为：分离辊锥度>一级破碎分离装置主轴转速>分离辊与主轴角度>破碎辊转速.优选参数组合为：破碎辊的转速45 r/min、分离辊锥度2°、一级破碎分离装置主轴转速98.5 r/min、仿生手结构辊刀与主轴角度12°.重复试验表明，该破碎取籽机的瓜籽损失率<1%，瓜籽脱净率>98%，洁净率>98%，可满足籽瓜加工的指标要求.
고산능자과파쇄취자궤시자가공과정중적관건설비，가일차성완성자과과자、과양화과피적분리.근거목전궤형존재적산능저，과자적손실솔대，탈정솔、길정솔저등문제，대취자궤적관건부건파쇄곤화일급파쇄분리장치중적분리곤진행개진설계.재파쇄곤축상안장편인형과도，병재과도하방설유도침，과도능신속조주하락적자과병장기강제향하절성량판.분리곤근거인수도과적동작，채용방생수결구.침대정궤성능적영향인소진행정교시험，채용모호종합평개법대시험결과진행분석，결과표명，영향정궤성능적인소주차순서위：분리곤추도>일급파쇄분리장치주축전속>분리곤여주축각도>파쇄곤전속.우선삼수조합위：파쇄곤적전속45 r/min、분리곤추도2°、일급파쇄분리장치주축전속98.5 r/min、방생수결구곤도여주축각도12°.중복시험표명，해파쇄취자궤적과자손실솔<1%，과자탈정솔>98%，길정솔>98%，가만족자과가공적지표요구.
High capacity and crushing seed melon machine is the key equipment in the seed production line.It can completely separate seeds,flesh and melons by one time.According to the problems of low efficiency and clean rate and high seed loss rate,the improved design was carried out on the key components of the seed machine,the crushing roller and separation roller in the crushing separation device.On the crushing roller,flat blades and anvil knife were installed,the blades could quickly grasp seed melon and squeeze it into two pieces.The separation roller using bionic hand structure,modeling people's action,which could dig melon flesh and pull them out.According to the effecting factors on the working ability of the machine,the orthogonal experiment was performed and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to analyze the test results.The results showed that the factors affecting the overall performance of the machine taking the order of separating roller taper,a crusher spindle speed separation apparatus, a separation roller and the spindle rotation angle and the crushing roller.The combination of parameters were as follows,crushing roller speed was 45 r/min,the separation roller taper was 2°,the spindle speed of the separation device was 98.5r/min,bionic hand structure roller cutter and the spindle angle was 12°.Repeat tests showed that the loss rate of the seed crushing machines was less than 1 %,the net rate was higher than 9 8%,clean rate was higher than 9 8%,meeting the requirements of watermelon index processing.