林业科学
林業科學
임업과학
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
2015年
10期
93-100
,共8页
李慧琪%朱耿平%蔡波%李敏%刘强%Liu Qiang
李慧琪%硃耿平%蔡波%李敏%劉彊%Liu Qiang
리혜기%주경평%채파%리민%류강%Liu Qiang
椰子木蛾%生态位模型%潜在分布%生态位保守性%中国
椰子木蛾%生態位模型%潛在分佈%生態位保守性%中國
야자목아%생태위모형%잠재분포%생태위보수성%중국
Opisina arenosella%ecological niche modeling%potential distribution%niche conservatism%China
【目的】椰子木蛾是椰子等棕榈科植物上的重要食叶类害虫,2013年8月该虫已在我国海南省9个市县、广东省中山市和顺德市及广西防城港等地发现,局部地区已形成种群,其入侵范围有不断扩大的趋势,国家林业局于2014年将其增补为林业危险性有害生物。对该新发现入侵害虫进行潜在分布区的预测,可为实施监测和控制其扩散蔓延提供参考。【方法】首先根据椰子木蛾已有的分布记录对其本土种群和我国入侵种群所占有的气候空间进行对比,分析其入侵过程中生态位的保守性,然后结合其主要寄主植物椰子在我国的种植区域,运用Maxent和 GARP 2种相关性方案的生态位模型对椰子木蛾在我国的潜在分布进行分析。【结果】椰子木蛾本土种群和我国种群所占有的气候空间有所差别,这种差异是由于本土种群和我国种群所在的地理空间差异造成,椰子木蛾在入侵过程中的生态位保守。基于 Maxent和 GARP的生态位模型的预测结果差异较大,但二者在我国南部地区的预测比较一致。二者的预测差异主要在印度南部、斯里兰卡和东南亚地区,这种差异主要是由于二者算法的不同造成的。基于 Maxent和 GARP的结果均显示,椰子木蛾在我国的潜在分布区域主要集中在广东、广西、福建沿海地区以及海南的大部分地区,广西中部和南部也具有较大的分布可能性,这些潜在分布区与我国椰子等棕榈科植物的种植区域大体是一致的,二者具有较大的重叠。【结论】沿海地区贸易频繁,受人类活动的影响较大,容易助长入侵物种的扩散。椰子木蛾在我国南部适宜地区扩散的可能性较大,应在这些适宜地区开展虫情调查,采取应对措施可有效防止椰子木蛾的进一步扩散,同时我国应对来自椰子木蛾疫区的棕榈植物及繁殖材料进行严格检疫,以防止椰子木蛾的二次入侵。
【目的】椰子木蛾是椰子等棕櫚科植物上的重要食葉類害蟲,2013年8月該蟲已在我國海南省9箇市縣、廣東省中山市和順德市及廣西防城港等地髮現,跼部地區已形成種群,其入侵範圍有不斷擴大的趨勢,國傢林業跼于2014年將其增補為林業危險性有害生物。對該新髮現入侵害蟲進行潛在分佈區的預測,可為實施鑑測和控製其擴散蔓延提供參攷。【方法】首先根據椰子木蛾已有的分佈記錄對其本土種群和我國入侵種群所佔有的氣候空間進行對比,分析其入侵過程中生態位的保守性,然後結閤其主要寄主植物椰子在我國的種植區域,運用Maxent和 GARP 2種相關性方案的生態位模型對椰子木蛾在我國的潛在分佈進行分析。【結果】椰子木蛾本土種群和我國種群所佔有的氣候空間有所差彆,這種差異是由于本土種群和我國種群所在的地理空間差異造成,椰子木蛾在入侵過程中的生態位保守。基于 Maxent和 GARP的生態位模型的預測結果差異較大,但二者在我國南部地區的預測比較一緻。二者的預測差異主要在印度南部、斯裏蘭卡和東南亞地區,這種差異主要是由于二者算法的不同造成的。基于 Maxent和 GARP的結果均顯示,椰子木蛾在我國的潛在分佈區域主要集中在廣東、廣西、福建沿海地區以及海南的大部分地區,廣西中部和南部也具有較大的分佈可能性,這些潛在分佈區與我國椰子等棕櫚科植物的種植區域大體是一緻的,二者具有較大的重疊。【結論】沿海地區貿易頻繁,受人類活動的影響較大,容易助長入侵物種的擴散。椰子木蛾在我國南部適宜地區擴散的可能性較大,應在這些適宜地區開展蟲情調查,採取應對措施可有效防止椰子木蛾的進一步擴散,同時我國應對來自椰子木蛾疫區的棕櫚植物及繁殖材料進行嚴格檢疫,以防止椰子木蛾的二次入侵。
【목적】야자목아시야자등종려과식물상적중요식협류해충,2013년8월해충이재아국해남성9개시현、광동성중산시화순덕시급엄서방성항등지발현,국부지구이형성충군,기입침범위유불단확대적추세,국가임업국우2014년장기증보위임업위험성유해생물。대해신발현입침해충진행잠재분포구적예측,가위실시감측화공제기확산만연제공삼고。【방법】수선근거야자목아이유적분포기록대기본토충군화아국입침충군소점유적기후공간진행대비,분석기입침과정중생태위적보수성,연후결합기주요기주식물야자재아국적충식구역,운용Maxent화 GARP 2충상관성방안적생태위모형대야자목아재아국적잠재분포진행분석。【결과】야자목아본토충군화아국충군소점유적기후공간유소차별,저충차이시유우본토충군화아국충군소재적지리공간차이조성,야자목아재입침과정중적생태위보수。기우 Maxent화 GARP적생태위모형적예측결과차이교대,단이자재아국남부지구적예측비교일치。이자적예측차이주요재인도남부、사리란잡화동남아지구,저충차이주요시유우이자산법적불동조성적。기우 Maxent화 GARP적결과균현시,야자목아재아국적잠재분포구역주요집중재엄동、엄서、복건연해지구이급해남적대부분지구,엄서중부화남부야구유교대적분포가능성,저사잠재분포구여아국야자등종려과식물적충식구역대체시일치적,이자구유교대적중첩。【결론】연해지구무역빈번,수인류활동적영향교대,용역조장입침물충적확산。야자목아재아국남부괄의지구확산적가능성교대,응재저사괄의지구개전충정조사,채취응대조시가유효방지야자목아적진일보확산,동시아국응대래자야자목아역구적종려식물급번식재료진행엄격검역,이방지야자목아적이차입침。
Objective]The coconut caterpillar Opisina arenosella Walker ( Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae) is a serious pest to the coconuts ( Cocos nucifera) in tropical and subtropical countries. It is native in southern India and Sri Lanka,and has been introduced into Bangladesh,Burma,Indonesia,Thailand,Malaysia Pakistan,and Singapore successively. In August 2013,O. arenosella was reported in 9 cities in Hainan,Zhongshan and Shunde in Guangdong,and Fangchenggang in Guangxi,with the pest population outbreaks in some areas. This pest has the potential to spread many areas in southern China ,and it was listed as the dangerous forest pest by State Forestry Bureau in 2014 . Predicting the potential distribution of newly introduced species is the priority task for invasion monitoring and spread management.[Method]Ecological niche modeling has been widely used in biological invasion with a premise that ecological niche is conservative. In this study,we first compared the climate space occupied by native and introduced Chinese populations. We then integrated the planting zone of coconut into the spatial prediction of ecological niche model. Both Maxent and GARP models were used to generate the potential distribution.[Results]Difference was observed bin the occupied climate spaces between the two populations, and nonetheless,the climate niche was conservative during its invasion. Thus,the observed difference was due to a geographic background effect. Although there were significant differences in the results estimated by the two niche model predictions,they were consistent in the southern China prediction. Both Maxent and GARP suggest that the potential distribution of O. arenosella in China includes: Guangdong,Guangxi,coastal Fujian,and most areas in Hainan,and the central and southern Guangxi also showed high suitability to O. arenosella. These suitable areas are fallen in the planting areas of coconut in China,and were heavily influenced by human activity.[Conclusion]It is concluded that O. arenosella has the potential to spread into these suitable areas. A special attention should be paid to the field survey in these suitable areas; and the subsequent management action could therefore effectively target on the spreading. This study would provide a reference for the potential distribution and risk analysis of O. arenosella invasion.