运筹与管理
運籌與管理
운주여관리
Operations Research and Management Science
2015年
5期
1-10
,共10页
小订单优先%订货决策%实验研究%供应短缺%行为运作管理
小訂單優先%訂貨決策%實驗研究%供應短缺%行為運作管理
소정단우선%정화결책%실험연구%공응단결%행위운작관리
smallest-order-first%ordering decision%laboratory experiment%supply shortage%behavioral opera-tions management
通过理论分析与实验研究相结合,在完全信息和不完全信息两种模式下,探讨供应短缺情景中小订单优先分配规则对零售商订货决策的影响。理论结果表明,小订单优先诱导零售商制定不超过真实市场需求量的订货决策,并且订货量不随运作成本而改变。实验数据表明,完全信息模式下,被试者的订货量高于理论预测值,不同运作成本的订货决策存在显著差异,并且被试者在不断重复决策中存在学习效应;不完全信息模式下,被试者的订货量与理论的预测没有显著偏差。这些研究结论为小订单优先分配规则的实践应用提供了理论和实证依据。
通過理論分析與實驗研究相結閤,在完全信息和不完全信息兩種模式下,探討供應短缺情景中小訂單優先分配規則對零售商訂貨決策的影響。理論結果錶明,小訂單優先誘導零售商製定不超過真實市場需求量的訂貨決策,併且訂貨量不隨運作成本而改變。實驗數據錶明,完全信息模式下,被試者的訂貨量高于理論預測值,不同運作成本的訂貨決策存在顯著差異,併且被試者在不斷重複決策中存在學習效應;不完全信息模式下,被試者的訂貨量與理論的預測沒有顯著偏差。這些研究結論為小訂單優先分配規則的實踐應用提供瞭理論和實證依據。
통과이론분석여실험연구상결합,재완전신식화불완전신식량충모식하,탐토공응단결정경중소정단우선분배규칙대령수상정화결책적영향。이론결과표명,소정단우선유도령수상제정불초과진실시장수구량적정화결책,병차정화량불수운작성본이개변。실험수거표명,완전신식모식하,피시자적정화량고우이론예측치,불동운작성본적정화결책존재현저차이,병차피시자재불단중복결책중존재학습효응;불완전신식모식하,피시자적정화량여이론적예측몰유현저편차。저사연구결론위소정단우선분배규칙적실천응용제공료이론화실증의거。
Through theoretical analyses and laboratory experiments, in the capacity allocation games with both complete information and incomplete information, this paper investigates the impact of smallest-order-first mecha-nism on retailers’ ordering decisions in the situation of supply shortage.Theoretical results show that the order decision in the smallest-order-first mechanism does not exceed the market demand and does not change with the operational costs.Experimental data show that, in the complete information capacity allocation games, subjects’ orders are larger than the predictions of standard theory, operational costs influence subject’ s ordering behavior, and experience effect exists in subjects ’ repeated games; in the incomplete information capacity allocation games, there is no significant difference between subjects’ decisions and standard theory.These studies provide both theoretical and empirical supports to the applications of smallest-order-first allocation rule in the practice.