中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2015年
10期
888-891
,共4页
陈勇%吴丹%张文义%陈泽良%常国辉%田曙光%杨瑞馥%刘超
陳勇%吳丹%張文義%陳澤良%常國輝%田曙光%楊瑞馥%劉超
진용%오단%장문의%진택량%상국휘%전서광%양서복%류초
出血热,埃博拉%疾病暴发流行%塞拉利昂%西区大会战%效果评估
齣血熱,埃博拉%疾病暴髮流行%塞拉利昂%西區大會戰%效果評估
출혈열,애박랍%질병폭발류행%새랍리앙%서구대회전%효과평고
Hemorrhagic fever%ebola%Disease outbreaks%Sierra Leone%Western area surge%Effect evaluation
目的 分析塞拉利昂埃博拉疫情暴发期间实施的西区大会战(WAS)行动情况,并评估其实施效果.方法 研究对象为2014年11月19日至2015年1月27日塞拉利昂WAS行动实施前后报告出现的3 813例实验室确诊的埃博拉出血热病例,根据中国援塞移动实验室检测队在塞拉利昂疫情防控过程中的具体实践进行总结归纳,按照WHO公布的埃博拉出血热病例定义进行病例诊断,将所有病例数据纳入进行统计分析.比较WAS行动实施前后床位数、确诊病例数、检测样本数和阳性率的变化.结果 自2014年12月17日WAS行动开始实施至15 d后,埃博拉出血热留观中心和治疗中心合计床位数由640张增加至960张,实验室增加6家,2015年1月份,又增加来自美国和荷兰的实验室各1家.WAS行动实施前1个月的样本总数为7 891份,实施后1个月为9 783份,样本数增加了24.0%.送检样本的埃博拉病毒阳性率从WAS行动实施前1个月的22.2%(1 752/7 891)下降至11.0%(1 077/9 783),其中,血液标本检测阳性率从WAS行动实施前1个月的39.6%(248/626)下降至27.4%(131/478)(χ2=17.93,P<0.001),尸体的口腔拭子检测阳性率从22.7%(103/454)下降至10.2%(62/609)(χ2=31.03,P<0.001).WAS行动实施3周后,西区和塞拉利昂其他4个热点地区报告埃博拉出血热确诊病例数均下降.WAS行动实施42 d后,塞拉利昂埃博拉确诊病例数由最初日均63例下降为10例.结论 WAS行动在快速控制塞拉利昂埃博拉出血热暴发疫情过程中发挥了关键作用,对今后防控类似重大传染病疫情具有重要的指导意义.
目的 分析塞拉利昂埃博拉疫情暴髮期間實施的西區大會戰(WAS)行動情況,併評估其實施效果.方法 研究對象為2014年11月19日至2015年1月27日塞拉利昂WAS行動實施前後報告齣現的3 813例實驗室確診的埃博拉齣血熱病例,根據中國援塞移動實驗室檢測隊在塞拉利昂疫情防控過程中的具體實踐進行總結歸納,按照WHO公佈的埃博拉齣血熱病例定義進行病例診斷,將所有病例數據納入進行統計分析.比較WAS行動實施前後床位數、確診病例數、檢測樣本數和暘性率的變化.結果 自2014年12月17日WAS行動開始實施至15 d後,埃博拉齣血熱留觀中心和治療中心閤計床位數由640張增加至960張,實驗室增加6傢,2015年1月份,又增加來自美國和荷蘭的實驗室各1傢.WAS行動實施前1箇月的樣本總數為7 891份,實施後1箇月為9 783份,樣本數增加瞭24.0%.送檢樣本的埃博拉病毒暘性率從WAS行動實施前1箇月的22.2%(1 752/7 891)下降至11.0%(1 077/9 783),其中,血液標本檢測暘性率從WAS行動實施前1箇月的39.6%(248/626)下降至27.4%(131/478)(χ2=17.93,P<0.001),尸體的口腔拭子檢測暘性率從22.7%(103/454)下降至10.2%(62/609)(χ2=31.03,P<0.001).WAS行動實施3週後,西區和塞拉利昂其他4箇熱點地區報告埃博拉齣血熱確診病例數均下降.WAS行動實施42 d後,塞拉利昂埃博拉確診病例數由最初日均63例下降為10例.結論 WAS行動在快速控製塞拉利昂埃博拉齣血熱暴髮疫情過程中髮揮瞭關鍵作用,對今後防控類似重大傳染病疫情具有重要的指導意義.
목적 분석새랍리앙애박랍역정폭발기간실시적서구대회전(WAS)행동정황,병평고기실시효과.방법 연구대상위2014년11월19일지2015년1월27일새랍리앙WAS행동실시전후보고출현적3 813례실험실학진적애박랍출혈열병례,근거중국원새이동실험실검측대재새랍리앙역정방공과정중적구체실천진행총결귀납,안조WHO공포적애박랍출혈열병례정의진행병례진단,장소유병례수거납입진행통계분석.비교WAS행동실시전후상위수、학진병례수、검측양본수화양성솔적변화.결과 자2014년12월17일WAS행동개시실시지15 d후,애박랍출혈열류관중심화치료중심합계상위수유640장증가지960장,실험실증가6가,2015년1월빈,우증가래자미국화하란적실험실각1가.WAS행동실시전1개월적양본총수위7 891빈,실시후1개월위9 783빈,양본수증가료24.0%.송검양본적애박랍병독양성솔종WAS행동실시전1개월적22.2%(1 752/7 891)하강지11.0%(1 077/9 783),기중,혈액표본검측양성솔종WAS행동실시전1개월적39.6%(248/626)하강지27.4%(131/478)(χ2=17.93,P<0.001),시체적구강식자검측양성솔종22.7%(103/454)하강지10.2%(62/609)(χ2=31.03,P<0.001).WAS행동실시3주후,서구화새랍리앙기타4개열점지구보고애박랍출혈열학진병례수균하강.WAS행동실시42 d후,새랍리앙애박랍학진병례수유최초일균63례하강위10례.결론 WAS행동재쾌속공제새랍리앙애박랍출혈열폭발역정과정중발휘료관건작용,대금후방공유사중대전염병역정구유중요적지도의의.
Objective To investigate the Western Area Surge (WAS) program in the Ebola outbreak of Sierra Leone, and to analyze its implementing effect. Methods The subject of this study was 3 813 laboratory confirmed Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) cases reported in Sierra Leone from November 19, 2014 through January 27, 2015, a period before and after the implementation of the WAS program. To analyze and make conclusions according to the working experience of China Mobile Laboratory Reponses Team in the fight of Ebola outbreak, using WHO published EHF case definition to make diagnosis and compare the number of bed numbers, confirmed EHF cases, samples tested, and positive rates before and after implementation of WAS program. Results From the implementation of WAS program on 17th December 2014 to half a month later, the total numbers of Ebola holding and treatment centers increased from 640 to 960, six additional laboratories were established. On January, 2015, another two laboratories from America and The Netherlands were established. The numbers of samples tested one month before and after WAS program were 7 891 and 9 783, respectively, with an increase of 24.0 percent, while the positive rate of Ebola virus decreased from 22.2%(1 752/7 891) to 11.0%(1 077/9 783). The positive rate of blood samples decreased from 39.6%(248/626) in the month before WAS program to 27.4%(131/478) (χ2=17.93,P<0.001) in the mother after WAS program, the positive rate of blood samples 22.7% (103/454) to 10%(62/609)(χ2=31.03,P<0.001), accordingly. After 3 weeks of WAS program, in addition to Western Area, another four hotspots in Sierra Leone had also reported a significant decrease of the numbers of confirmed EVD cases. Forty-two days after implementation of WAS program, the daily number of laboratory confirmed EHF cases decreased from 63 to 10. Conclusion WAS program played a vital role in controlling the EHF outbreak rapidly in Sierra Leone. It could also provide guidance for the control similar large infectious diseases outbreak in the future.