CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析中国农村3~6岁儿童忽视影响因素.方法按照多阶段分层整群抽样的原则,采用抽签法抽样,兼顾地理分布特点及经济发展水平,从全国七大行政区域中随机共抽取10个省(直辖市)、26个市(8个省会市、16个地级市和2个直辖市),再抽取每个抽样市经济、文化水平中等的1个农村县(直辖市抽取2个农村县),全国共抽样28个县,每个县按照经济、文化水平将所有乡/镇分为高、中、低三层,每层分别抽取1个乡/镇,每个县共抽取3个乡/镇,全国合计84个乡/镇.每个乡/镇抽取男、女儿童各20名,共40名(其中3、4、5、6岁儿童各10名,男、女各半).全国实际抽样调查3~6岁儿童共4 096名.应用"中国农村3~6岁儿童忽视评价常模"进行问卷调查和影响因素分析.使用SPSS 18.0软件建立数据库,采用多因素logistic回归模型对忽视影响因素进行分析.结果我国农村3~6岁儿童忽视率为53.7%(2 047/3 810),忽视度为44.42±7.57.由多因素分析结果可见,男童受忽视风险高于女童(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.13~1.49);母亲外出务工,儿童受忽视风险较高(OR=2.18, 95%CI:1.59~3.00);母亲文化程度越低,儿童受忽视风险越高,以母亲仅上过小学或未上学最高(OR=2.92,95%CI:1.91~4.47),其次是母亲上过初中(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.29~2.69);家庭年收入越低,儿童受忽视风险越高,以家庭年收入<5 000元最高(OR=2.85,95%CI:2.14~3.79),其次是家庭年收入为5 000~9 999元(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.40~2.20);母亲与孩子关系疏远或冷淡,儿童受忽视风险高(OR=3.88,95%CI:1.31~11.52);留守儿童受忽视风险高(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.09~1.54).结论中国农村3~6岁儿童忽视影响因素主要是男童、母亲职业、母亲文化程度、孩子与母亲之间的关系、家庭年收入和留守儿童.
목적 분석중국농촌3~6세인동홀시영향인소.방법 안조다계단분층정군추양적원칙,채용추첨법추양,겸고지리분포특점급경제발전수평,종전국칠대행정구역중수궤공추취10개성(직할시)、26개시(8개성회시、16개지급시화2개직할시),재추취매개추양시경제、문화수평중등적1개농촌현(직할시추취2개농촌현),전국공추양28개현,매개현안조경제、문화수평장소유향/진분위고、중、저삼층,매층분별추취1개향/진,매개현공추취3개향/진,전국합계84개향/진.매개향/진추취남、녀인동각20명,공40명(기중3、4、5、6세인동각10명,남、녀각반).전국실제추양조사3~6세인동공4 096명.응용"중국농촌3~6세인동홀시평개상모"진행문권조사화영향인소분석.사용SPSS 18.0연건건립수거고,채용다인소logistic회귀모형대홀시영향인소진행분석.결과 아국농촌3~6세인동홀시솔위53.7%(2 047/3 810),홀시도위44.42±7.57.유다인소분석결과가견,남동수홀시풍험고우녀동(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.13~1.49);모친외출무공,인동수홀시풍험교고(OR=2.18, 95%CI:1.59~3.00);모친문화정도월저,인동수홀시풍험월고,이모친부상과소학혹미상학최고(OR=2.92,95%CI:1.91~4.47),기차시모친상과초중(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.29~2.69);가정년수입월저,인동수홀시풍험월고,이가정년수입<5 000원최고(OR=2.85,95%CI:2.14~3.79),기차시가정년수입위5 000~9 999원(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.40~2.20);모친여해자관계소원혹랭담,인동수홀시풍험고(OR=3.88,95%CI:1.31~11.52);류수인동수홀시풍험고(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.09~1.54).결론 중국농촌3~6세인동홀시영향인소주요시남동、모친직업、모친문화정도、해자여모친지간적관계、가정년수입화류수인동.
Objective To investigate the major influence factors of child neglect among rural areas children aged 3-6 years in China. Methods According to multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, distribution characteristics and the level of economic development, we randomly sampled 10 provinces, 26 cities (8 capital cities, 16 prefecture-level cities and 2 municipalities) using lottery method. Depending on the different level of economic and cultural, we sampled one medium county from each city (municipalities sampled two counties), a total of 28 counties. All towns were divided into high, medium and low three levels in accordance with economic and cultural, each level sampled one town, each conty sampled three towns, a total of 84 towns were sampled. Each town sampled 40 children, including 20 boys and 20 girls (including each 10 children aged 3 to 6, half and half boys and girls). 4 096 rural children aged 3-6 years old were sampled and surveyed of China. Based on"the Neglect Norms for Children Aged 3 to 6 Years Old in Rural Areas of China"explored the risk factors of child neglect. SPSS 18. 0 for windows was employed for statistics analysis. Multifactorial analysis was conducted through multivariate Logistic Regression. Results The total neglected rate of the rural children aged 3 to 6 was 53.7%(2 047/3 810), and the total neglected degree was 44.42 ± 7.57. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, neglected risk of the boys was higher than the girls (OR=1.30, 95%CI:1.13-1.49), neglected risk of children were higher, when their mothers were migrant workers (OR=2.18, 95%CI:1.59-3.00); the lower educational level of mothers, the higher neglected risk of children, the children in families that mothers only received primary education or was uneducated were most likely to be neglected (OR=2.92, 95%CI:1.91-4.47), the second was the families that mothers received primary education (OR=1.86, 95%CI:1.29-2.69); the lower the household income, the easier to be neglected the children , the easiest one was the household income less than 5 000 RMB (OR=2.85, 95%CI:2.14-3.79), the second was 5 000-9 999 RMB (OR=1.76, 95%CI:1.40-2.20); the relationship between children and mothers was distanced, neglect risk of children was higher (OR=3.88, 95%CI:1.31-11.52); left behind children were easier to be neglected (OR=1.30, 95%CI:1.09-1.54). Conclusion The influence factors among children aged 3-6 years in the rural areas of China were boys, mother's occupation, maternal education level, the relationship between children and mothers, household income and left-behind children.