CAJ | 학술논문

在当前我国农村土地确权工作不断推进的过程中，来自国家层面的政策供给往往会被农村基层组织创造性地使用，使得确权实践体现出一种村社内部“结平衡账”的现象和功能，即基层组织通过召集村民多次开会研讨、民主协商，兼顾村社内部已经多元化的利益诉求，最终制定出切实可行的土地确权方案。如此，不仅完成了国家“自上而下”要求的土地确权任务，而且也实现了农民“自下而上”要求理顺村社内部关系的目标。村社共同体内部成员构成的不断变动与我国农村地权政策的相对稳定性之间的矛盾，是需要进行以土地调整为主要内容的“结平衡账”的关键原因。村社内部“结平衡账”机制是确保农村社会稳定的核心机制，也是解决“三农”问题乃至国家涉农政策下乡过程中的诸多困境的有效方法之一。
재당전아국농촌토지학권공작불단추진적과정중，래자국가층면적정책공급왕왕회피농촌기층조직창조성지사용，사득학권실천체현출일충촌사내부“결평형장”적현상화공능，즉기층조직통과소집촌민다차개회연토、민주협상，겸고촌사내부이경다원화적이익소구，최종제정출절실가행적토지학권방안。여차，불부완성료국가“자상이하”요구적토지학권임무，이차야실현료농민“자하이상”요구리순촌사내부관계적목표。촌사공동체내부성원구성적불단변동여아국농촌지권정책적상대은정성지간적모순，시수요진행이토지조정위주요내용적“결평형장”적관건원인。촌사내부“결평형장”궤제시학보농촌사회은정적핵심궤제，야시해결“삼농”문제내지국가섭농정책하향과정중적제다곤경적유효방법지일。
In the actual process of farmland property right reform,the policy supplied by the central government is always used and transformed creatively by the local organizations,which resulted in the“balance account”logic of sociology.Usually the local organizations repeatedly convene meetings of the villagers,making democratic consultation and taking into account the diversified interests and aspirations of the villagers,to develop a feasible implementing scheme of the farmland property right.By this way, the local organizations not only completed the top-down task of the government,but also achieved the bot-tom-up goal of the farmers which is about rationalizing the internal relationship.The contradiction between the changing of village community and the preference of the national land policy and land using is the rea-son why the villages need the “balance account”which is mainly the regularization of land tenure.The “bal-ance account”is the core mechanism to ensure social stability of the rural area,and is also an effective method to solve the current problems concerning agriculture,rural areas and farmers and the difficulties in the process of the national policy implementation in the countryside.