CAJ | 학술논문

社会保险由于提高了个体创业失败后的风险承担能力，对创业活动具有重要影响。使用中国综合社会调查（ CGSS）微观数据，本文评估了社会保险对于个人创业活动的影响。研究发现，社会保险参与显著提高了个人的创业概率，平均而言，参与社会保险将促使个人的创业概率提高2?1－2?5个百分点左右。社会保险参与对生存型创业与自我实现型创业的影响存在差异，对生存型创业的促进效应比较有限，而对自我实现型创业的促进效应十分明显，且失业保险、养老保险对于生存型创业的影响存在抑制效应，对于自我实现型创业的影响存在促进效应；但养老保险对于两种类型创业的影响均有促进作用；从中国目前的情况来看，失业保险对创业总的影响同时存在抑制效应与促进效应，而养老保险在过去双轨制下，对于居民创业有显著的正向影响效应。另外，提高参保率对个人创业概率的影响存在异质性，总的来说，受过更多教育和拥有更多社会网络以及体制内的个人，从提高参保率中获得了更多有助于创业的收益。
사회보험유우제고료개체창업실패후적풍험승담능력，대창업활동구유중요영향。사용중국종합사회조사（ CGSS）미관수거，본문평고료사회보험대우개인창업활동적영향。연구발현，사회보험삼여현저제고료개인적창업개솔，평균이언，삼여사회보험장촉사개인적창업개솔제고2?1－2?5개백분점좌우。사회보험삼여대생존형창업여자아실현형창업적영향존재차이，대생존형창업적촉진효응비교유한，이대자아실현형창업적촉진효응십분명현，차실업보험、양로보험대우생존형창업적영향존재억제효응，대우자아실현형창업적영향존재촉진효응；단양로보험대우량충류형창업적영향균유촉진작용；종중국목전적정황래간，실업보험대창업총적영향동시존재억제효응여촉진효응，이양로보험재과거쌍궤제하，대우거민창업유현저적정향영향효응。령외，제고삼보솔대개인창업개솔적영향존재이질성，총적래설，수과경다교육화옹유경다사회망락이급체제내적개인，종제고삼보솔중획득료경다유조우창업적수익。
From the angle of how social insurance affects resident’ s entrepreneurial behavior, using Chinese General Social Survey ( CGSS ) 2006 -2011 micro data, trying to find how much the influence of social insurance for residents to personal career choice. The study find that: 1 ) the rise of total social insurance participation rate indeed promote entrepreneurial behavior effects. 2 ) There existed differences between the impact of social insurance participation on survival?type entrepreneurs and on self?realization entrepreneurship. The effect of promotion the survival?type entrepreneurship is limited, while the promoting the self?fulfilling type entrepreneurship is very obvious. And the impact of unemployment insurance and pension insurance on the survival?type business exists inhibiting effect, and on the self?fulfilling type business exists promotion effect. However, the impact of pension insurance on two types of entrepreneurs are positive. 3 ) The current situation in China, effects of unemployment insurance on the overall business presence inhibition effect and promoting effect at the same time. But in the past of dual track, the effect of pension insurance on entrepreneurship have a significant positive impact. On this basis, we believe that in order to further promote the self?fulfilling type entrepreneurship, after pension“merger”, to release more business space, the government should further improve the level of pensions insurance to some extent.