CAJ | 학술논문

众所周知，西方饮食文化最突出的特征之一就是分餐制和AA制，由此来看其饮食文化与以中国为主导的东方饮食文化差异显著。这些差异也体现了两种文化对个人与集体关系的看法与处理方式不同。西方文化是以个人主义为主体的文化，而东方文化是以集体主义为导向的文化。民以食为天，东西方文化的差异会自然地反映到饮食文化以及相应的行为方式上。本文从个人主义和集体主义文化谈起，探源个人主义文化的社会和经济发展背景，解释其文化内涵，进而分析分餐制和 AA制的个人主义文化根源。从探索个人主义文化的角度出发诠释东西方饮食文化深层的集体主义和个人主义文化根基；揭示两种不同饮食文化与各自的社会价值观的相互作用，从而方便读者了解东西方文化在饮食文化方面的差异，进而理解两种文化的根本区别。
음소주지，서방음식문화최돌출적특정지일취시분찬제화AA제，유차래간기음식문화여이중국위주도적동방음식문화차이현저。저사차이야체현료량충문화대개인여집체관계적간법여처리방식불동。서방문화시이개인주의위주체적문화，이동방문화시이집체주의위도향적문화。민이식위천，동서방문화적차이회자연지반영도음식문화이급상응적행위방식상。본문종개인주의화집체주의문화담기，탐원개인주의문화적사회화경제발전배경，해석기문화내함，진이분석분찬제화 AA제적개인주의문화근원。종탐색개인주의문화적각도출발전석동서방음식문화심층적집체주의화개인주의문화근기；게시량충불동음식문화여각자적사회개치관적상호작용，종이방편독자료해동서방문화재음식문화방면적차이，진이리해량충문화적근본구별。
Two of the most distinguishable characteristics of Western dining cultures are individual serving and paying one’s own expenses or“Going Dutch”. From this stand point,Western dining cultures are very different from that of the East. These differences are closely associate with individualistic and col-lective cultures and the way people relate to others. Western cultures are more individualistic while Asian cultures are more collective. A dining culture is at the outer layer of a culture that expresses the deeper values and norms of that culture and society. This paper discusses individualism and collectivism ,the origin of individualistic culture,its develop-ment under European historical,social and economic changes. It explains the underpinning individualistic cultural values relating to the practice of individual serving and paying one’s own expenses. Comparisons will be made with Asian cultures in similar situations. It aims to reveal some of the underlining cultural differences,expressed through dining etiquettes,between Asia and the West. A better understanding of both individualistic and collective societies and their cultures is envisaged.