CAJ | 학술논문

到目前为止，关于水环境中重金属浓度和形态分布的研究有许多报道。但是关于黄河上游，特别是对黄河甘宁蒙段区域重金属的研究报道仍需进一步深入。在相关研究工作的基础上，使用 HR‐ICP‐MS和BCR连续提取法主要对2011年丰水期黄河甘宁蒙段12个采样点表层沉积物Cd ，Pb ，Cr ，V ，Co ，Ni ，Cu和Zn重金属元素的含量，形态和潜在风险进行测定与分析。结果表明：所有采样点各重金属元素含量顺序相同：Cr＞V＞Zn＞Cu＞Ni＞Pb＞Co＞Cd ，与各采样点所在区域土壤中背景值相比，S5采样点Cd元素的含量水平最高（1.30μg?g －1）约为背景值（0.103μg?g －1）的13倍。通过 Igeo对重金属进行污染评价，结果显示S5采样点Cd元素为强污染水平（Igeo ＝3.08），内蒙古段四个采样点（S1—S4）Cd表现为中强度污染水平， Igeo位于2.02～2.90之间；此外，富集因子（EF）评价结果发现，研究区域表层沉积物中八种重金属均受到人为活动的污染。根据潜在生态风险指数（RI）结果，S5和S3采样点为高生态风险，其他采样点为中等生态风险。BCR连续提取法结果显示Cd的有效性最高，其次为Co和Ni ，V和Cr有效性最低。根据形态分析风险评估准则（RAC），Cd在S1—S4采样点有高风险，在S5采样点有很高风险；而对于Ni和Co来说，12个采样点中均表现为中等风险。研究结果和结论可为相关政府部门提供重要的研究信息。
도목전위지，관우수배경중중금속농도화형태분포적연구유허다보도。단시관우황하상유，특별시대황하감저몽단구역중금속적연구보도잉수진일보심입。재상관연구공작적기출상，사용 HR‐ICP‐MS화BCR련속제취법주요대2011년봉수기황하감저몽단12개채양점표층침적물Cd ，Pb ，Cr ，V ，Co ，Ni ，Cu화Zn중금속원소적함량，형태화잠재풍험진행측정여분석。결과표명：소유채양점각중금속원소함량순서상동：Cr＞V＞Zn＞Cu＞Ni＞Pb＞Co＞Cd ，여각채양점소재구역토양중배경치상비，S5채양점Cd원소적함량수평최고（1.30μg?g －1）약위배경치（0.103μg?g －1）적13배。통과 Igeo대중금속진행오염평개，결과현시S5채양점Cd원소위강오염수평（Igeo ＝3.08），내몽고단사개채양점（S1—S4）Cd표현위중강도오염수평， Igeo위우2.02～2.90지간；차외，부집인자（EF）평개결과발현，연구구역표층침적물중팔충중금속균수도인위활동적오염。근거잠재생태풍험지수（RI）결과，S5화S3채양점위고생태풍험，기타채양점위중등생태풍험。BCR련속제취법결과현시Cd적유효성최고，기차위Co화Ni ，V화Cr유효성최저。근거형태분석풍험평고준칙（RAC），Cd재S1—S4채양점유고풍험，재S5채양점유흔고풍험；이대우Ni화Co래설，12개채양점중균표현위중등풍험。연구결과화결론가위상관정부부문제공중요적연구신식。
So far ,many investigations had been made on the concentration and species distribution of heavy metals in aquatic environments .However ,there are only a few studies on heavy metals in upper reaches of the Yellow River ,especially in Gansu ,Ningxia and Inner Mongolia sections .We have literatures related to the Yellow River ,in this work ,we remarkably discussed about the contents ,speciation and potential risks of Cd , Pb ,Cr ,V ,Co ,Ni ,Cu ,and Zn in surface sediments from 12 sampling sites in Gansu ,Ningxia ,and Inner Mongolia sections of the Yellow River of China in 2011 year wet season by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR‐ICP‐MS) and sequential extraction procedure of BCR method .The results in‐dicated that the metals contents were arranged as Cr>V>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb>Co>Cd in all sites .Comparing with the background value of soil in local section ,Cd showed the highest level at S5 (1.30 μg?g -1 ) ,which was almost 13 times higher than the background value (0.103 μg?g -1 ) .Pollution assessment indicated that Cd presented a strong polluted status with the geo‐accumulation index (Igeo ) value of 3.08 at S5 ,moderately to strong polluted status with the Igeo ranged from 2.02 to 2.90 in Inner Mongolia section (S1—S4) .Moreover , enrichment factor (EF) showed that all heavy metals in these sediments have been influenced by anthropogenic activities .According to potential ecological risk index (RI) ,S5 and S3 demonstrated high ecologic risk of heavy metals ,while other sampling sites showed moderately ecological risk .The results of BCR exhibited that Cd was the most available metal ,followed by Co and Ni ,while V and Cr were unavailable in the sediments . Risk assessment code (RAC) exhibited high risk for Cd at S1—S4 and very high risk at S5 ,while medium risk for Ni and Co at all sites .The results and conclusions may be important information and therefore of interest to the relevant departments of the governments .