CAJ | 학술논문

天然气水合物是一种重要的潜在能源。用激光拉曼光谱法表征气体水合物能够为研究水合物形成机理和开采方法提供重要信息。系统介绍了激光拉曼光谱法的基本原理，综述了激光拉曼光谱仪在气体水合物微观表征上的各种实际应用。通过激光拉曼测试可分析水合物气体组成、推测结构类型，再利用经验公式或者相对定量法可计算出其大／小笼的气体占有率和水合数；利用原位拉曼技术可以观测水合物形成和分解的微观过程，解析气体分子进入和离开笼子的进程、进行水合物形成和分解过程中气体浓度变化及水合物形成过程中气体溶解度的测定，辨识水合物系统中的相变过程，进而研究水合物形成和分解动力学；激光拉曼光谱法还可用于研究超高压条件下气体水合物的结构及其变化过程。原位拉曼光谱能够对深海天然气水合物及其环境在原位进行表征；利用拉曼成像技术可以对水合物晶体表面进行系统测定，探求气体组分在晶体表面的分布。随着激光拉曼技术的发展及与其他设备联用水平的提高，激光拉曼光谱仪向便携，高灵敏度发展，能够更广泛深入地进行气体水合物微观研究。
천연기수합물시일충중요적잠재능원。용격광랍만광보법표정기체수합물능구위연구수합물형성궤리화개채방법제공중요신식。계통개소료격광랍만광보법적기본원리，종술료격광랍만광보의재기체수합물미관표정상적각충실제응용。통과격광랍만측시가분석수합물기체조성、추측결구류형，재이용경험공식혹자상대정량법가계산출기대／소롱적기체점유솔화수합수；이용원위랍만기술가이관측수합물형성화분해적미관과정，해석기체분자진입화리개롱자적진정、진행수합물형성화분해과정중기체농도변화급수합물형성과정중기체용해도적측정，변식수합물계통중적상변과정，진이연구수합물형성화분해동역학；격광랍만광보법환가용우연구초고압조건하기체수합물적결구급기변화과정。원위랍만광보능구대심해천연기수합물급기배경재원위진행표정；이용랍만성상기술가이대수합물정체표면진행계통측정，탐구기체조분재정체표면적분포。수착격광랍만기술적발전급여기타설비련용수평적제고，격광랍만광보의향편휴，고령민도발전，능구경엄범심입지진행기체수합물미관연구。
Gas hydrates are important potential energy resources .Microstructural characterization of gas hydrate can provide in‐formation to study the mechanism of gas hydrate formation and to support the exploitation and application of gas hydrate technol‐ogy .This article systemly introduces the basic principle of laser Raman spectroscopy and summarizes its application in gas hy‐drate studies .Based on Raman results ,not only can the information about gas composition and structural type be deduced ,but also the occupancies of large and small cages and even hydration number can be calculated from the relative intensities of Raman peaks .By using the in‐situ analytical technology ,laser Raman specstropy can be applied to characterize the formation and de‐composition processes of gas hydrate at microscale ,for example the enclathration and leaving of gas molecules into/from its ca‐ges ,to monitor the changes in gas concentration and gas solubility during hydrate formation and decomposition ,and to identify phase changes in the study system .Laser Raman in‐situ analytical technology has also been used in determination of hydrate structure and understanding its changing process under the conditions of ultra high pressure .Deep‐sea in‐situ Raman spectrome‐ter can be employed for the in‐situ analysis of the structures of natural gas hydrate and their formation environment .Raman ima‐ging technology can be applied to specify the characteristics of crystallization and gas distribution over hydrate surface .With the development of laser Raman technology and its combination with other instruments ,it will become more powerful and play a more significant role in the microscopic study of gas hydrate .