南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）
南京林業大學學報（自然科學版）
남경임업대학학보（자연과학판）
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science Edition)
2015年
6期
99-104
,共6页
于丹丹%贾黎明%贾忠奎%马履一%李媚
于丹丹%賈黎明%賈忠奎%馬履一%李媚
우단단%가려명%가충규%마리일%리미
砂石坑造林%生态垫%保水剂%土壤保水保肥%植物生长
砂石坑造林%生態墊%保水劑%土壤保水保肥%植物生長
사석갱조림%생태점%보수제%토양보수보비%식물생장
waste sand and gravel pit afforestation sites%eco-mat%super absorbant polymers%soil moisture and fertility preservation%plant growth
北京市平原造林中废弃砂石坑地类的石砾含量比例高达30％～40％，土壤保水保肥能力差。为增强土壤蓄水保墒能力、减少土壤养分流失、促进苗木健康生长，笔者对生态垫及保水剂进行组合设计（处理1为生态垫，处理2为保水剂，处理3为生态垫＋保水剂，对照为无任何处理），综合应用于砂石坑造林工程，并对各处理土壤水分状况、养分状况、植物生理及形态指标等进行了测定。结果表明：综合各土层指标分析，处理3较对照及其他处理表现出最佳的保水保肥及促进植物生长效果，其中，土壤瞬时含水量提高10％以上，田间持水量、涵养水源量及最大蓄水量分别提高了4?45％、41．34％、8．26％以上；土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量提高了64?49％、19?28％、132％、40％以上；丙二醛、可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量低于对照34％以上，叶片相对含水量、叶绿素、叶水势、有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量、根系活力提高了9?61％、70?96％、17?99％、12?58％、22?81％、44?62％、74?94％、141?53％；冠幅增量较对照提高1?9 m；综合因子分析表明处理3与其他处理及对照差异显著。因此，建议在类似困难立地造林过程中推广综合应用生态垫及保水剂。
北京市平原造林中廢棄砂石坑地類的石礫含量比例高達30％～40％，土壤保水保肥能力差。為增彊土壤蓄水保墑能力、減少土壤養分流失、促進苗木健康生長，筆者對生態墊及保水劑進行組閤設計（處理1為生態墊，處理2為保水劑，處理3為生態墊＋保水劑，對照為無任何處理），綜閤應用于砂石坑造林工程，併對各處理土壤水分狀況、養分狀況、植物生理及形態指標等進行瞭測定。結果錶明：綜閤各土層指標分析，處理3較對照及其他處理錶現齣最佳的保水保肥及促進植物生長效果，其中，土壤瞬時含水量提高10％以上，田間持水量、涵養水源量及最大蓄水量分彆提高瞭4?45％、41．34％、8．26％以上；土壤有機質、全氮、有效燐、速效鉀含量提高瞭64?49％、19?28％、132％、40％以上；丙二醛、可溶性糖、脯氨痠含量低于對照34％以上，葉片相對含水量、葉綠素、葉水勢、有機質、全氮、有效燐、速效鉀含量、根繫活力提高瞭9?61％、70?96％、17?99％、12?58％、22?81％、44?62％、74?94％、141?53％；冠幅增量較對照提高1?9 m；綜閤因子分析錶明處理3與其他處理及對照差異顯著。因此，建議在類似睏難立地造林過程中推廣綜閤應用生態墊及保水劑。
북경시평원조림중폐기사석갱지류적석력함량비례고체30％～40％，토양보수보비능력차。위증강토양축수보상능력、감소토양양분류실、촉진묘목건강생장，필자대생태점급보수제진행조합설계（처리1위생태점，처리2위보수제，처리3위생태점＋보수제，대조위무임하처리），종합응용우사석갱조림공정，병대각처리토양수분상황、양분상황、식물생리급형태지표등진행료측정。결과표명：종합각토층지표분석，처리3교대조급기타처리표현출최가적보수보비급촉진식물생장효과，기중，토양순시함수량제고10％이상，전간지수량、함양수원량급최대축수량분별제고료4?45％、41．34％、8．26％이상；토양유궤질、전담、유효린、속효갑함량제고료64?49％、19?28％、132％、40％이상；병이철、가용성당、포안산함량저우대조34％이상，협편상대함수량、협록소、협수세、유궤질、전담、유효린、속효갑함량、근계활력제고료9?61％、70?96％、17?99％、12?58％、22?81％、44?62％、74?94％、141?53％；관폭증량교대조제고1?9 m；종합인자분석표명처리3여기타처리급대조차이현저。인차，건의재유사곤난입지조림과정중추엄종합응용생태점급보수제。
The soil which contains 30% to 40% of chad in waste sand and gravel pits planting sites in Beijing plain area keeping moisture and nutrient is poor. To enhance the soil moisture preservation ability, and reduce the loss of the nutri?ents in soil and ensure healthy growth, the author combined eco?mat and super absorbent polymers with 4 different treat?ments( Treatment 1 applied only eco?mat. Treatment 2 applied only super absorbent polymers. Treatment 3 applied both. And treatment 4 applied nothing as a control test) and applied into the project of gravel pits afforestation. Then the inde?xes of the soil moisture level, nutrients properties, plant physiological indexes and morphological index were measured. The results showed that treatment 3 was the best for improving the moisture and nutrient status of soil and promoting plant growth. Among them, instantaneous moisture content was improved more than 10%, water?holding capacity, water con?servation quantity and maximum storage capacity increased more than 4.45%,41.34% and 8.26%. The organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium significantly increased by more than 64?49%, 19?28%, 132%,40% separately. The Pro, SP and MDA significantly reduced more than 34%. Water content, chlorophyll, leaf water potential organic matter and N,P,K content of leaf, root activity significantly increased 9.61%,70?96%,17?99%, 12?58%,22?81%,44?62%,74?94%,141?53% separately. The crown stretch increment was 1.9 m higher than control. The factor analysis showed that treatment 3 was significantly different with other treatments and control. Therefore, we suggest to popularize the comprehensive application of eco?mat and super absorbent polymers in the process of similar difficult afforestation site.
