农业科学与技术（英文版）
農業科學與技術（英文版）
농업과학여기술（영문판）
Agricultural Science & Technology
2015年
10期
2354-2360
,共7页
东北黑土区%垄作措施%垄作方向%土壤侵蚀%水土流失调查%水土保持效益
東北黑土區%壟作措施%壟作方嚮%土壤侵蝕%水土流失調查%水土保持效益
동북흑토구%롱작조시%롱작방향%토양침식%수토류실조사%수토보지효익
The black soil area in northeast China%Ridge til age%Ridge direction%Soil erosion%Investigation of soil and water loss%Soil and water conservation benefits
垄作是东北黑土区一种非常普遍而重要的耕作措施，具有一定的水土保持效益，但几乎没有学者对其进行研究。探讨黑土区不同地形垄作方向在空间上的分布规律及其具有的水土保持效益具有重要研究价值。以黑龙江省宾县为研究区，用分层抽样的方法提取168个野外调查单元并进行实地填图调查，根据坡度因子和垄向坡度计算公式，利用ArcMAP、SPSS和 Excel等软件进行了室内数据分析统计。结果表明，平原区、丘陵区、山区的平均地面坡度分别为1.92°、6.20°、8.27°；平均垄向坡度分别为1.33°、4.52°、6.45°，分别为平均地面坡度的70%、73%、78%；垄作坡度引起的平均土壤流失相对量分别为地面坡度的55%、69%、67%，垄作的相对水土保持效益明显。在此基础上，对垄作现状的原因进行了分析，并提出来一些改进措施。研究成果有助于了解东北黑土区不同地形耕地垄作方向的分布情况及其水土保持效益状况，对当地水土保持措施的布设也具有重要的指导意义。
壟作是東北黑土區一種非常普遍而重要的耕作措施，具有一定的水土保持效益，但幾乎沒有學者對其進行研究。探討黑土區不同地形壟作方嚮在空間上的分佈規律及其具有的水土保持效益具有重要研究價值。以黑龍江省賓縣為研究區，用分層抽樣的方法提取168箇野外調查單元併進行實地填圖調查，根據坡度因子和壟嚮坡度計算公式，利用ArcMAP、SPSS和 Excel等軟件進行瞭室內數據分析統計。結果錶明，平原區、丘陵區、山區的平均地麵坡度分彆為1.92°、6.20°、8.27°；平均壟嚮坡度分彆為1.33°、4.52°、6.45°，分彆為平均地麵坡度的70%、73%、78%；壟作坡度引起的平均土壤流失相對量分彆為地麵坡度的55%、69%、67%，壟作的相對水土保持效益明顯。在此基礎上，對壟作現狀的原因進行瞭分析，併提齣來一些改進措施。研究成果有助于瞭解東北黑土區不同地形耕地壟作方嚮的分佈情況及其水土保持效益狀況，對噹地水土保持措施的佈設也具有重要的指導意義。
롱작시동북흑토구일충비상보편이중요적경작조시，구유일정적수토보지효익，단궤호몰유학자대기진행연구。탐토흑토구불동지형롱작방향재공간상적분포규률급기구유적수토보지효익구유중요연구개치。이흑룡강성빈현위연구구，용분층추양적방법제취168개야외조사단원병진행실지전도조사，근거파도인자화롱향파도계산공식，이용ArcMAP、SPSS화 Excel등연건진행료실내수거분석통계。결과표명，평원구、구릉구、산구적평균지면파도분별위1.92°、6.20°、8.27°；평균롱향파도분별위1.33°、4.52°、6.45°，분별위평균지면파도적70%、73%、78%；롱작파도인기적평균토양류실상대량분별위지면파도적55%、69%、67%，롱작적상대수토보지효익명현。재차기출상，대롱작현상적원인진행료분석，병제출래일사개진조시。연구성과유조우료해동북흑토구불동지형경지롱작방향적분포정황급기수토보지효익상황，대당지수토보지조시적포설야구유중요적지도의의。
Ridge til age, which is a very common and important til age measure in the black soil area of northeast China, has some soil and water conservation bene-fits, but has little attention. It is very important to explore the spatial distribution of the ridge direction of the arable land and its soil and water conservation benefits in different terrain conditions in the black soil area. So Binxian County of Heilongjiang Province was selected as the study area, and 168 field investigation units were ex-tracted by stratified sampling method and investigated. According to equations of slope gradient factor and slope gradient in ridge direction, and based on the soft-ware of Arcmap, SPSS and Excel, the investigation data of soil and water loss in Binxian County were analyzed and counted. The results show that in plain, hil y and mountainous areas, the average ground slope gradients are 1.92° , 6.20° and 8.27° respectively, and the average slope gradients along ridge direction are 1.33°, 4.52° and 6.45° respectively, which account for about 70%, 73% and 78% of the average ground slope gradients in the same terrain condition; the relative quantities of soil erosion in the present ridge til age condition account for about 55%, 69% and 67%respectively of that in down-slope ridge til age conditions, so the present ridge til age has obviously relative soil and water conservation benefits. Based on these results, the reasons of the present ridge til age status were analyzed, and some reform measures were proposed. The results could not only help to comprehend the spatial distribution and soil and water conservation benefits of ridge til age in the black soil area of Northeast China, but also provide scientific references for the layout of local soil and water conservation measures.
