CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究杂交油菜和常规油菜的氮肥需求差异。[方法]通过2个大田试验（试验1氮肥肥效试验，试验2养分吸收累积规律试验）对比研究了杂交油菜（中油杂5628和中油杂7819）和常规油菜（中双10号）的产量和氮肥利用效率差异。[结果]试验1结果表明，杂交油菜中油杂5628和中油杂7819的产量显著高于常规油菜中双10号，在平台产量分别比中双10号高18.7%和20.2%下，相应的氮肥临界用量低9.5%和9.6%。试验2结果表明，相同氮肥（180 kg/hm2）用量下，中油杂5628和中油杂7819的干物质累积和氮素累积能力高于常规油菜中双10号，这种作用在生育后期表现更为明显。[结论]杂种优势使杂交油菜具有更高的籽粒效率和氮肥利用效率，在相对较少的肥料投入下能获得更高的经济效益。
[목적]연구잡교유채화상규유채적담비수구차이。[방법]통과2개대전시험（시험1담비비효시험，시험2양분흡수루적규률시험）대비연구료잡교유채（중유잡5628화중유잡7819）화상규유채（중쌍10호）적산량화담비이용효솔차이。[결과]시험1결과표명，잡교유채중유잡5628화중유잡7819적산량현저고우상규유채중쌍10호，재평태산량분별비중쌍10호고18.7%화20.2%하，상응적담비림계용량저9.5%화9.6%。시험2결과표명，상동담비（180 kg/hm2）용량하，중유잡5628화중유잡7819적간물질루적화담소루적능력고우상규유채중쌍10호，저충작용재생육후기표현경위명현。[결론]잡충우세사잡교유채구유경고적자립효솔화담비이용효솔，재상대교소적비료투입하능획득경고적경제효익。
Objective] The aim of this study was to understand the difference of N fertilizer requirement between hybrid rapeseed and conventional rapeseed. [Method] Two hybrid cultivars, ZY5628 and ZY7819, and the conventional cultivar ZS10, were compared through two field experiments. In Experiment 1, seed yield and optimum N application rate were assessed in the field with five N application treatments. In Experiment 2, N was applied uniformly at 180 kg/hm2, and plant biomass and N accumulation were measured at several developmental stages, while N use efficien-cy was calculated for rape at maturity. [Results] The experiment 1 results showed that seed yields of ZY5628 and ZY7819 were both significantly higher than that of ZS10, and compared to ZS10, optimum yield (plateau yield) was higher by 18.7%and 20.2%, while the recommended N application rate was lower by 9.5% and 9.6% for ZY5628 and ZY7819, respectively. The experiment 2 results showed that during vegetative development, al three cultivars exhibited similar accumulations of plant biomass and N, but through flowering and maturity ZY5628 and ZY7819 pro-duced more biomass, acquired more N, and utilized acquired N more efficiently to-wards seed production than ZS10. [Conclusion] With equivalent inputs, the hybrid rapeseed cultivars ZY5628 and ZY7819 tested herein yield more seed with higher N use efficiency than the conventional rapeseed ZS10. This information wil be valu-able for growers seeking to improve efficiency while reducing costs of rape produc-tion in China.