CAJ | 학술논문

利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°格点资料、卫星云图和雷达资料对2013年8月1日河南省中南部地区一次强对流过程的中尺度特征及天气成因进行了分析。结果表明：河南中南部地区此次强对流天气过程是由高空槽、副热带高压外围西南气流、中低层切变线及低空急流共同作用产生的。从四川盆地东移过来的对流云团和江淮地区低层切变线上形成的云团在河南中南部地区合并，发展成新的对流云团，使降水量偏高；雷达回波和径向速度特征较明显，造成此次短时强降水和短时大风的对流单体具有明显的出流边界、回波悬垂、弱回波区及有界弱回波等特征。中尺度演变特征表明，一系列中尺度暴雨雨团发生、发展和合并加强成为中尺度对流复合体，且中尺度对流雨团在 CAPE 密集带和地面辐合线附近区域生成，并有向 CAPE大值区及地面辐合线移动发展的趋势。强降水发生前，高层低能舌叠加在低层高能舌上的能量水平分布的垂直配置，导致大气对流性不稳定层结建立；低层正涡度的发展和水平风的切变导致垂直涡度发展，使垂直涡度增大，上升运动增强；高低空急流的耦合作用产生次级环流，触发了对流不稳定能量的释放，产生了强对流天气。
이용상규기상관측자료、NCEP 1°×1°격점자료、위성운도화뢰체자료대2013년8월1일하남성중남부지구일차강대류과정적중척도특정급천기성인진행료분석。결과표명：하남중남부지구차차강대류천기과정시유고공조、부열대고압외위서남기류、중저층절변선급저공급류공동작용산생적。종사천분지동이과래적대류운단화강회지구저층절변선상형성적운단재하남중남부지구합병，발전성신적대류운단，사강수량편고；뢰체회파화경향속도특정교명현，조성차차단시강강수화단시대풍적대류단체구유명현적출류변계、회파현수、약회파구급유계약회파등특정。중척도연변특정표명，일계렬중척도폭우우단발생、발전화합병가강성위중척도대류복합체，차중척도대류우단재 CAPE 밀집대화지면복합선부근구역생성，병유향 CAPE대치구급지면복합선이동발전적추세。강강수발생전，고층저능설첩가재저층고능설상적능량수평분포적수직배치，도치대기대류성불은정층결건립；저층정와도적발전화수평풍적절변도치수직와도발전，사수직와도증대，상승운동증강；고저공급류적우합작용산생차급배류，촉발료대류불은정능량적석방，산생료강대류천기。
Based on conventional observational data,NCEP 1°×1 °grid data,satellite data and radar data,mesosa-cale features of a convective weather process on August 1,2013 and its forming reasons in the central and southern areas of He′nan province were analyzed.The results show that this process is caused by combined actions of upper trough,subtropical high peripheral southwest air flow,middle and lower shear line and low level jet.Eastward con-vective cloud clusters along the Sichuan basin combine with another one formed in low-level shear line of Jiang-huai region and both become a new cloud cluster,which lead to rainfall higher than average value.Gust fronts,ech-o hanging,weak echo region (WER)and boundary weak echo region (BWER)are quite clear on the PPI and RHI charts of radar reflectivity factors,and features such as divergence on low tilts,large radial velocity region,in-flow flows,divergence in the upper level and convergence in the low level are also evident in the radial velocity chart.The mesoscale evolution suggests that a series of mesoscale rain storm missions generate,develop,consoli-date,strengthen and become mesoscale convective complexes,and the mesoscale convective rain group is generated near area of CAPE dense bands and ground convergence line,with a trend moving to the large value area of CAPE and ground mobile convergence line.Vertical configuration of energy distribution that high-level low-energy tongue superimposed on lower energy tongue leads to establishment of atmospheric convective instability.The de-velopment of vorticity and horizontal wind shear leads to development of vertical vorticity,making vertical vorticity increased and upward motion enhanced.Low level jet coordinating with upper trough generates a secondary circu-lation whose vertical upward branch makes ascending movement strengthened and triggering convective unstable energy release to generate severe convection,and then forms severe precipitation.