CAJ | 학술논문

转炉炼钢的铁水终点温度是衡量铁水是否符合出钢要求的一个重要指标，目前仍主要依靠人工经验进行控制，其预测精度难以保证。为了能够有效的预测终点铁水的温度，并能满足不同的转炉炉口尺寸的要求，提出了一种基于炉口火焰温度测量的转炉终点铁水温度预测的新方法。利用可以采集可见光和近红外波段的微型光谱仪作为关键器件构建了炉口火焰辐射信息的采集系统，实现对转炉炼钢现场的炉口火焰辐射信息进行实时、有效的采集。同时综合考虑了炉口火焰的实际温度范围和现场的测量距离，通过改进的系统标定方法，对所构建的辐射信息采集系统进行标定，并利用双波长法获得了炉口火焰的辐射温度。鉴于炉口的火焰温度与炉内的铁水温度之间存在着一定的联系，还利用所测得的火焰温度以及与铁水温度相关的转炉吹炼过程参数，建立了基于支持向量机的炉内铁水温度的回归预测模型。对68炉现场采集到的转炉吹炼数据进行验证实验后表明该方法的预测精度要优于人工经验，且接近采用副枪的铁水温度测量方式，可为中小型转炉的终点温度预测提供一种有效可行的方案。
전로련강적철수종점온도시형량철수시부부합출강요구적일개중요지표，목전잉주요의고인공경험진행공제，기예측정도난이보증。위료능구유효적예측종점철수적온도，병능만족불동적전로로구척촌적요구，제출료일충기우로구화염온도측량적전로종점철수온도예측적신방법。이용가이채집가견광화근홍외파단적미형광보의작위관건기건구건료로구화염복사신식적채집계통，실현대전로련강현장적로구화염복사신식진행실시、유효적채집。동시종합고필료로구화염적실제온도범위화현장적측량거리，통과개진적계통표정방법，대소구건적복사신식채집계통진행표정，병이용쌍파장법획득료로구화염적복사온도。감우로구적화염온도여로내적철수온도지간존재착일정적련계，환이용소측득적화염온도이급여철수온도상관적전로취련과정삼수，건립료기우지지향량궤적로내철수온도적회귀예측모형。대68로현장채집도적전로취련수거진행험증실험후표명해방법적예측정도요우우인공경험，차접근채용부창적철수온도측량방식，가위중소형전로적종점온도예측제공일충유효가행적방안。
In the basic oxygen steelmaking process ,the endpoint temperature of the molten steel is one of the key factors whether the molten steel is qualified for tapping .Currently ,it mainly relies on the experienced operators to control the endpoint tempera‐ture of the molten steel ,and the prediction precision may vary among different operators .In order to realize the effectively end‐point steel temperature prediction of the basic oxygen furnace as well as to meet the requirement of different sizes of the converter mouth ,a new method based on the flame temperature measurement at the converter mouth was proposed in this paper .Firstly , a fiber‐optic spectrometer system in the visible and near infrared spectral range was designed which can real‐timely and effectively realize the collection of the flame radiation information at the converter mouth .Secondly ,in consideration of the actual tempera‐ture of the flame and the distance between the converter and the designed system ,an improved calibration method instead of the halogen lamp was adopted ,and the two‐color method was employed for the flame temperature measurement .Then a regression model based on the support vector machine was built with the flame temperature and several other parameters of the steel‐making process as the input variables of the model .Verification experiment was carried out on 68 industrial data collected in the steel‐making workshop .The results show that the prediction accuracy of this method is superior to the experienced operators ,and close to the sub‐lance based method .As a result ,the proposed method can provide a feasible and effective solution to the end‐point steel temperature prediction for those small‐sized and medium‐sized converters .