CAJ | 학술논문

为了提高冰雪条件下城市快速路车辆行驶的安全性，通过视频录像和人工调查等方式获得哈尔滨市部分快速路在不同冰雪条件下的交通流基础数据，分析车流量、大小车型、车道位置等因素对运行速度的影响，并基于车辆追尾时的临界条件以及车辆的跟驰特性，建立与道路附着系数、交通量等参数相关的安全限速模型，并利用不同冰雪路面附着系数对模型中的路面参数进行标定，重点研究了冰雪环境对城市快速路车辆限速的影响，提出按交通量分级限速管理的方法。研究表明：冰雪条件下模型确定的限速值可以满足快速路上车辆的行驶安全；车辆在松雪、冰雪、冰膜路面上的限速值依次降低，在除雪作业后，限速值可以提高10~20 km/h；城市快速路在冰雪条件下的限速值需分车道分车型进行设置，相邻车道大、小型车限速值相差5~10 km/h；冰雪条件下的限速应根据交通量小于800 pcu/h、800~1500 pcu/h、大于1500 pcu/h 采用分级限速管理措施，以提高快速路的运输效率。
위료제고빙설조건하성시쾌속로차량행사적안전성，통과시빈록상화인공조사등방식획득합이빈시부분쾌속로재불동빙설조건하적교통류기출수거，분석차류량、대소차형、차도위치등인소대운행속도적영향，병기우차량추미시적림계조건이급차량적근치특성，건립여도로부착계수、교통량등삼수상관적안전한속모형，병이용불동빙설로면부착계수대모형중적로면삼수진행표정，중점연구료빙설배경대성시쾌속로차량한속적영향，제출안교통량분급한속관리적방법。연구표명：빙설조건하모형학정적한속치가이만족쾌속로상차량적행사안전；차량재송설、빙설、빙막로면상적한속치의차강저，재제설작업후，한속치가이제고10~20 km/h；성시쾌속로재빙설조건하적한속치수분차도분차형진행설치，상린차도대、소형차한속치상차5~10 km/h；빙설조건하적한속응근거교통량소우800 pcu/h、800~1500 pcu/h、대우1500 pcu/h 채용분급한속관리조시，이제고쾌속로적운수효솔。
In order to improve traffic safety on urban expressways under the ice and snow,the effects of traffic vol-umes,vehicle types and lane positions on vehicle speed are investigated,where traffic flow data is collected from video re-cording and manual investigation in expressways in Harbin.Based on the characteristics of the critical condition of vehicle rear-end collision and vehicle-following,a speed limit model is developed,including variables of the road friction coeffi-cients and traffic volume,etc.The parameters of this model are calibrated using the surface friction coefficients under dif-ferent conditions of ice and snow,and the focus is to study the effects of ice and snow on the speed limit of urban express-ways.Finally,a method for optimizing speed limits by traffic volume levels is proposed.The study results showed that the speed limits determined by the proposed model could meet the requirements of vehicle safety on urban expressways under the condition of ice and snow.The speed limit is getting lower in a descending order of snow,ice,and ice film,but it can be increased by 10~20 km/h after the snow is cleaned.The speed limits for individual lanes and different types of vehicles should be set up differently on urban expressways under the ice and snow conditions,and the differences of speed limits between adjacent lanes should be within 5~10 km/h as well as between small and large vehicles.The speed limits should be set up according to different levels of traffic volumes under ice and snow conditions,including less than 800 pcu/h,800~1 500 pcu/h,and more than 1 500 pcu/h,which will increase the efficiency of transportation systems.