CAJ | 학술논문

马铃薯栽培种喜冷凉，但不耐霜冻，几乎无抗寒性。利用苗期抗寒性直接鉴定法，对137个普通栽培种杂交组合的16068个后代进行-3℃抗寒筛选，结果表明，绝大部分杂交后代不耐-3℃的低温，平均存活率为2.81%，以存活率大于5%为标准，筛选出相对“抗寒组合”26个，涉及到“抗寒母本”13个和“抗寒父本”7个；然后辅以电导率法测定相应的“抗寒组合”的“抗寒母本”和“抗寒父本”的半致死温度（LT50）并与预测的“抗寒亲本”的存活率进行相关性分析，结果表明，经筛选出的“抗寒母本”和“抗寒父本”确实有较低的半致死温度，相关性呈现极显著水平。以此为依据，可将所有杂交组合分为3类，其中双亲定义为“抗寒”的组合，其后代出现抗寒株系的比例远高于平均水平，而亲本均为“敏感”杂交组合，其后代存活率远远低于平均水平，说明抗寒杂交育种时最好选用抗寒双亲，这样获得抗寒后代的可能性较大。
마령서재배충희랭량，단불내상동，궤호무항한성。이용묘기항한성직접감정법，대137개보통재배충잡교조합적16068개후대진행-3℃항한사선，결과표명，절대부분잡교후대불내-3℃적저온，평균존활솔위2.81%，이존활솔대우5%위표준，사선출상대“항한조합”26개，섭급도“항한모본”13개화“항한부본”7개；연후보이전도솔법측정상응적“항한조합”적“항한모본”화“항한부본”적반치사온도（LT50）병여예측적“항한친본”적존활솔진행상관성분석，결과표명，경사선출적“항한모본”화“항한부본”학실유교저적반치사온도，상관성정현겁현저수평。이차위의거，가장소유잡교조합분위3류，기중쌍친정의위“항한”적조합，기후대출현항한주계적비례원고우평균수평，이친본균위“민감”잡교조합，기후대존활솔원원저우평균수평，설명항한잡교육충시최호선용항한쌍친，저양획득항한후대적가능성교대。
The potato cultivars acclimate to cool or temperate climates, normally without tolerance to frost. In this study, 16 068 hybrids derived from 137 cultivar crosses were screened for their tolerance to-3℃at the seedling stage. Results showed that most hybrids died at-3℃, with an average survival rate of 2.81%. If the survival rate criterion was set at 5% or more, in total 26 crosses could be identified, which came from 13 freezing-tolerant female parents and seven freezing-tolerant male parents. Then, the semi-lethal temperature (LT50) of these parents was tested and correlation analysis of these data was made with the predicted survival rate of freezing-tolerant parents. Results showed that these freezing-tolerant male and female parents indeed had low LT50 and the correlation was highly significant. Thus, all the crosses were divided into three classes, of which the survival rate of hybrids from freezing-tolerant parents was considerably higher than the average. In contrast, the survival rate of hybrids from freezing-sensitive parents was considerably lower than the average. These results illustrated that it was better to use freezing-tolerant parents to breed potato against frost, which was more likely to harvest freezing-tolerant hybrids.