中国体育科技
中國體育科技
중국체육과기
China Sport Science and Technology
2015年
6期
134-138
,共5页
最大力量%男性%上肢肌肉%下肢肌肉%背部肌肉%腹部肌肉%下降趋势
最大力量%男性%上肢肌肉%下肢肌肉%揹部肌肉%腹部肌肉%下降趨勢
최대역량%남성%상지기육%하지기육%배부기육%복부기육%하강추세
maximal force%male%upper limb muscle%lower limb muscle%back muscles%abdom-inal muscles%dow ntrend
目的：针对我国成年男性不同身体部位最大力量的现状进行相关分析和探究，并探索随年龄的增长最大力量的衰退规律以及日常锻炼习惯与最大力量衰退规律之间的关系。方法：从北京、上海、山东、江苏、江西各选择一个单位抽取相应年龄组人群按照《ACSM 的运动测试与处方指导手册》的测试方法进行上肢、下肢、腰腹部和背部1 RM 测试。结果：普通人群各部位最大绝对力量从大到小依次为：下肢肌肉、背部肌肉、腹部肌肉和上肢肌肉，且各年龄组之间排序相同；上肢、腹部肌肉的相对力量约与自身体重相同，下肢和背部肌肉的相对力量约为自身体重的1．5倍；锻炼习惯对身体各部位最大力量的保持产生积极影响。结论：我国男性居民身体各部位最大力量呈现出随年龄的增长而逐渐下降的趋势，其中有锻炼习惯人群通过日常体育锻炼提高了身体各部位最大肌肉力量基础值，一定程度上掩盖了随年龄增长而产生的身体素质下降趋势；实验数据还反映出身体各部位最大力量下降幅度最大所处的年龄组不尽相同，建议在相应年龄组进行针对性力量训练，通过提高相关部位最大力量的基础值来缓冲因最大力量快速下降而造成的不便。
目的：針對我國成年男性不同身體部位最大力量的現狀進行相關分析和探究，併探索隨年齡的增長最大力量的衰退規律以及日常鍛煉習慣與最大力量衰退規律之間的關繫。方法：從北京、上海、山東、江囌、江西各選擇一箇單位抽取相應年齡組人群按照《ACSM 的運動測試與處方指導手冊》的測試方法進行上肢、下肢、腰腹部和揹部1 RM 測試。結果：普通人群各部位最大絕對力量從大到小依次為：下肢肌肉、揹部肌肉、腹部肌肉和上肢肌肉，且各年齡組之間排序相同；上肢、腹部肌肉的相對力量約與自身體重相同，下肢和揹部肌肉的相對力量約為自身體重的1．5倍；鍛煉習慣對身體各部位最大力量的保持產生積極影響。結論：我國男性居民身體各部位最大力量呈現齣隨年齡的增長而逐漸下降的趨勢，其中有鍛煉習慣人群通過日常體育鍛煉提高瞭身體各部位最大肌肉力量基礎值，一定程度上掩蓋瞭隨年齡增長而產生的身體素質下降趨勢；實驗數據還反映齣身體各部位最大力量下降幅度最大所處的年齡組不儘相同，建議在相應年齡組進行針對性力量訓練，通過提高相關部位最大力量的基礎值來緩遲因最大力量快速下降而造成的不便。
목적：침대아국성년남성불동신체부위최대역량적현상진행상관분석화탐구，병탐색수년령적증장최대역량적쇠퇴규률이급일상단련습관여최대역량쇠퇴규률지간적관계。방법：종북경、상해、산동、강소、강서각선택일개단위추취상응년령조인군안조《ACSM 적운동측시여처방지도수책》적측시방법진행상지、하지、요복부화배부1 RM 측시。결과：보통인군각부위최대절대역량종대도소의차위：하지기육、배부기육、복부기육화상지기육，차각년령조지간배서상동；상지、복부기육적상대역량약여자신체중상동，하지화배부기육적상대역량약위자신체중적1．5배；단련습관대신체각부위최대역량적보지산생적겁영향。결론：아국남성거민신체각부위최대역량정현출수년령적증장이축점하강적추세，기중유단련습관인군통과일상체육단련제고료신체각부위최대기육역량기출치，일정정도상엄개료수년령증장이산생적신체소질하강추세；실험수거환반영출신체각부위최대역량하강폭도최대소처적년령조불진상동，건의재상응년령조진행침대성역량훈련，통과제고상관부위최대역량적기출치래완충인최대역량쾌속하강이조성적불편。
Objective :Based on the current situation of maximal muscle forces of different body parts of Chinese adult males ,the objective of this study was to make relevant analysis and to explore the law of the decline of maximal forces with the increase of age as well as the correla‐tion between this law and daily exercise habits .Methods :According to ACSMExercise Test and Prescription Instruction Manual ,upper limb ,lower limb ,waist and abdomen and back 1RM tests were carried out on the corresponding age groups of each unit in Beijing ,Shanghai ,Shan‐dong ,Jiangsu and Jiangxi respectively .Results :The maximal absolute forces of various parts in the general population were decreasing in different parts in the following order :lower limb muscles ,back muscles ,abdominal muscles and upper limb muscles .And this rank ordering re‐mained the same in various age groups .The relative forces of upper muscles and abdomen mus‐cles were equal to their self weights ,while the relative forces of lower muscles and abdomen muscles were about 1 .5 times of their self weights .Exercise habits has positive impacts on the maximal forces of various body parts .Conclusions :The maximal muscle forces of various body parts of Chinese male residents tend to decline with the increase of age ,and some populations with exercise habits improve their base values of maximal muscle forces of various body parts through daily physical exercises ,covering up the downtrend of physical quality with the in‐crease of age to a certain degree .Also ,the experimental data reflect that the maximum falling ranges of various body parts appear in different age groups .It is recommended to carry out tar‐geted strength trainings in different age groups and mitigate the inconvenience due to the rapid decrease of maximal force by improving the base values of maximal forces of relevant body parts .
