CAJ | 학술논문

光谱分析对于植物识别特征与机理研究具有重要意义，长期以来在植被光谱的叶绿素吸收特征、水分吸收特征、红边效应、光谱波形参数提取、波形转换、以及植被叶面结构和化学组份对光谱的影响方面进行了大量研究，而在植物因季节变化引起的叶面结构、叶绿素、叶面积指数变化而产生的光谱变化研究较少。通过开展对不同生活型、叶面结构与大小、物候特征的11类植物季节生长过程的地物光谱观测，提取植物的归一化植被指数NDVI、包络线去除后的绿波段最大光谱吸收深度、红波段最大光谱吸收深度参数，对该参数时间过程曲线的均值、变幅、斜率进行分析，研究植物生长期和成熟期特征参数的植物光谱可分性研究。提出了植被光谱区分度的参数运算方法，利用该参数进行植被识别能力分析。结果表明：植物生长过程的光谱特征比成熟期的光谱特征更容易区分。在相同参数对比中，生长期植物区分度比成熟期区分度高出三个点。在植物生长过程中，总体上植被的季节变幅区分度＞斜率区分度＞均值区分度，而对于NDVI参数季节变化，植物季节斜率区分度最大。所以利用植物的季节NDVI斜率、绿波段最大光谱吸收深度的季节变幅、红波段最大光谱吸收深度的季节变幅进行植物的识别效果最佳。
광보분석대우식물식별특정여궤리연구구유중요의의，장기이래재식피광보적협록소흡수특정、수분흡수특정、홍변효응、광보파형삼수제취、파형전환、이급식피협면결구화화학조빈대광보적영향방면진행료대량연구，이재식물인계절변화인기적협면결구、협록소、협면적지수변화이산생적광보변화연구교소。통과개전대불동생활형、협면결구여대소、물후특정적11류식물계절생장과정적지물광보관측，제취식물적귀일화식피지수NDVI、포락선거제후적록파단최대광보흡수심도、홍파단최대광보흡수심도삼수，대해삼수시간과정곡선적균치、변폭、사솔진행분석，연구식물생장기화성숙기특정삼수적식물광보가분성연구。제출료식피광보구분도적삼수운산방법，이용해삼수진행식피식별능력분석。결과표명：식물생장과정적광보특정비성숙기적광보특정경용역구분。재상동삼수대비중，생장기식물구분도비성숙기구분도고출삼개점。재식물생장과정중，총체상식피적계절변폭구분도＞사솔구분도＞균치구분도，이대우NDVI삼수계절변화，식물계절사솔구분도최대。소이이용식물적계절NDVI사솔、록파단최대광보흡수심도적계절변폭、홍파단최대광보흡수심도적계절변폭진행식물적식별효과최가。
Spectral analysis plays asignificant role onplant characteristic identification and mechanism recognition ,there were many papers published on the aspects of absorption features in the spectra of chlorophyll andmoisture ,spectral analysis onvege‐tation red edge effect ,spectra profile feature extraction ,spectra profile conversion ,vegetation leaf structure and chemical com‐position impacts on the spectra in past years .However ,fewer researches issued onspectral changes caused by plant seasonal changes oflife form ,chlorophyll ,leaf area index .This paper studied on spectral observationof 11 plantsof various life form , plant leaf structure and its size ,phenological characteristics ,they includedeciduous forest with broadvertical leaf ,needleleafever‐green forest ,needleleafdeciduous forest ,deciduous forest with broadflat leaf ,high shrub with big leaf ,high shrub with little leaf ,deciduous forest with broad little leaf ,short shrub ,meadow ,steppe andgrass .Field spectral data were observed with SVC‐HR768 (Spectra Vista company ,USA) ,the band width covers 350~2 500 nm ,spectral resolution reaches 1~4 nm .The features of NDVI ,spectral maximum absorption depth in green band ,and spectral maximumabsorption depth in red bandwere measured after continuum removal processing ,the mean ,amplitude andgradientof thesefeatures onseasonalchange profilewere analyzed ,meanwhile ,separability research on plant spectral feature of growth period and maturation period were compared .The paper presents a calculation method ofseparabilityof vegetation spectra which consider feature spatial distances .This index is car‐ried on analysis of the vegetation discrimination .The results show that :the spectral featuresduring plant growth periodare easier to distinguish than them during maturation period .With the same features comparison ,plant separabilityof growth period is 3 points higherthan it during maturation period .The overall separabilityof vegetation spectrumfeatures shows seasonal amplitude>seasonal gradient>seasonal mean during the growth period ,but the separabilityof seasonal gradient shows highest value for the plant seasonal NDVI change .Therefore ,the features of seasonal NDVI gradient ,seasonal amplitude of maximumspectral ab‐sorption depth in green band ,seasonal amplitude of maximumabsorption depthin red band are effective composition for plant dis‐crimination .