CAJ | 학술논문

鉴于北极地缘空间呈现向全球扩散的趋势，对北极地缘政治的分析不仅需要涉及国家间关系的地区层次，更要考虑该地区与周边地区互动的地区间层次，以及大国关系对体系影响的全球层次。北极地缘政治的一个显著特征为其外部压力是内生的，区域内大国俄国和美国在区域外互动的影响力非常强大，以至于产生外溢效应使得地区国际关系或安全机理从属于俄美结构性的矛盾和竞争关系。从这个意义上讲，俄美北极关系构成推动北极地缘政治发展的主导性力量。同时，北极区域治理机制的存在、合作性共识的建立以及地区在互动过程中形成一定程度的独立性与排他性，使作为区域主导性关系的俄美北极关系已经不完全是俄美全球关系在北极的简单投射，而呈现出一定的隔离或滞后效应。以俄美北极关系为驱动的地缘政治核心层和不断增强作用的治理层之间的互动，构成北极地缘政治发展的基本构架。
감우북겁지연공간정현향전구확산적추세，대북겁지연정치적분석불부수요섭급국가간관계적지구층차，경요고필해지구여주변지구호동적지구간층차，이급대국관계대체계영향적전구층차。북겁지연정치적일개현저특정위기외부압력시내생적，구역내대국아국화미국재구역외호동적영향력비상강대，이지우산생외일효응사득지구국제관계혹안전궤리종속우아미결구성적모순화경쟁관계。종저개의의상강，아미북겁관계구성추동북겁지연정치발전적주도성역량。동시，북겁구역치리궤제적존재、합작성공식적건립이급지구재호동과정중형성일정정도적독립성여배타성，사작위구역주도성관계적아미북겁관계이경불완전시아미전구관계재북겁적간단투사，이정현출일정적격리혹체후효응。이아미북겁관계위구동적지연정치핵심층화불단증강작용적치리층지간적호동，구성북겁지연정치발전적기본구가。
Given the trans-boundary nature of Arctic outer limits,analysis on the Arctic geopolitics involves not only interstate relations on the regional level,but also the interaction between the region itself and its surrounding environments,as well as the impacts of great powers on the region or global scale.A remarka-ble feature of Arctic geopolitics lies in that the spill-over effects of regional great powers beyond region re-main strong enough so that the Arctic geopolitics and security regime are subject to structural conflict and competition of U.S.-Russia relations.In this sense,U.S.-Russian relations constitute the dominative force that leads the geopolitical development in the Arctic.Meanwhile,the establishment of Arctic regional gov-ernance mechanisms and the consensus for cooperation make the U.S.-Russian Arctic relations not the sim-plistic projection of U.S.-Russian relations on the Arctic.The interaction between U.S.-Russian Arctic re-lations that constitute the core of Arctic geopolitics and the growing functions of regional governance forms the fundamental framework of Arctic geopolitical development.