CAJ | 학술논문

提出了统计声学能量流(statistical acoustic energy flow，SAEF)方法，将不同物理场的激励耦合后加载到高铁 SAEF 模型上，计算车外激励与车内声场及车内声腔之间的声能流动，可分析车内全频噪声．首先，采用刚性多体动力学、快速多极边界元和大涡模拟提取了350,km/h 下的轮轨力/二系悬挂力、轮轨噪声和空气动力噪声，并且这些激励通过了参考文献试验的验证．其次，搭建了车厢有限元模型，基于多点激励-多点响应技术验证了车厢仿真模态，证明了整体的车厢及区域的铝型材-内饰组合板的精度，间接保证了基于模态特性的组合板隔声量的准确度．最后，搭建了 SAEF 模型，加载耦合激励并定义组合板隔声性能后，计算了350,km/h 下、0～4,000,Hz 内的车内噪声．对比车内中心声腔的仿真与试验声压级，结果显示两者的变化趋势基本一致，声压级总值相差2.6,dB(A)，符合工程要求，验证了SAEF方法应用于高铁车内全频噪声研究的可行性．
제출료통계성학능량류(statistical acoustic energy flow，SAEF)방법，장불동물리장적격려우합후가재도고철 SAEF 모형상，계산차외격려여차내성장급차내성강지간적성능류동，가분석차내전빈조성．수선，채용강성다체동역학、쾌속다겁변계원화대와모의제취료350,km/h 하적륜궤력/이계현괘력、륜궤조성화공기동력조성，병차저사격려통과료삼고문헌시험적험증．기차，탑건료차상유한원모형，기우다점격려-다점향응기술험증료차상방진모태，증명료정체적차상급구역적려형재-내식조합판적정도，간접보증료기우모태특성적조합판격성량적준학도．최후，탑건료 SAEF 모형，가재우합격려병정의조합판격성성능후，계산료350,km/h 하、0～4,000,Hz 내적차내조성．대비차내중심성강적방진여시험성압급，결과현시량자적변화추세기본일치，성압급총치상차2.6,dB(A)，부합공정요구，험증료SAEF방법응용우고철차내전빈조성연구적가행성．
Statistical acoustic energy flow(SAEF)method was proposed to study full-spectrum interior noise of high-speed railway trains(HST),considering multi-physical-field coupling excitations to stimulate the acoustic energy flow between the exterior excitations and interior noise,as well as between the interior acoustic cavities. First of all, rigid multi-body dynamics(RMBD),fast multi-pole boundary element analysis(FMBEA)and large-eddy simula-tion(LES)were employed to extract the wheel-rail interaction forces/secondary suspension forces,wheel-rail rolling noise and aerodynamic noise at 350,km/h , respectively;and these excitations were validated by references. Second,a finite element(FE)car model was constructed;the precision of the global FE car as well as the local FE aluminum alloy extrusion-trim part composition boards was validated by modal analysis via multi-input and multi-output technology. Thus,the mode-based sound transmission loss(STL)accuracy of any composition board was indi-rectly ensured. Finally,the SAEF model of the curb car,which was stimulated by the coupled excitation and defined with the given composite board STLs,was constructed to calculate the interior noise in 0~4,000,Hz at 350,km/h. The simulated and measured interior center sound pressure levels(SPL)were compared. The results show that the variation trend of the simulated 1/3,octave band SPL spectrum agrees well with that of the on-line-measured one. The deviation between the simulated and measured overall SPLs is 2.6,dB(A),which was well controlled below the en-gineering tolerance limit,thus validating the feasibility of SAEF method in the HST full-spectrum interior noise analysis.