江西农业大学学报
江西農業大學學報
강서농업대학학보
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis(Natural Sciences Edition)
2015年
5期
825-831
,共7页
三元混剂%甘蔗%土壤%降解特性
三元混劑%甘蔗%土壤%降解特性
삼원혼제%감자%토양%강해특성
MCPA ametryn and diuron%sugarcane%soil%degradation dynamics
以目前在甘蔗生产中大量使用的二甲四氯、莠灭净、敌草隆三元混剂为研究对象,建立并优化三元除草剂在甘蔗及土壤基质中的残留检测方法,探索三元农药在甘蔗使用后其在甘蔗及环境土壤中的降解特性,结果表明,以2 628 g/hm2 在甘蔗及土壤中使用后,二甲四氯、莠灭净、敌草隆在甘蔗植株中原始沉积量分别为3.662~13.864,22.235~84.879,5.376~21.003 mg/kg,在土壤中分别为:0.572~5.163,0.385~18.545,0.516~3.094 mg/kg.二甲四氯、莠灭净、敌草隆在甘蔗植株中的降解半衰期分别为:3.6~9.5,1.6~13.6,2.2~18.2 d,在土壤中分别为:2.4~7.9,4.8~28.9,15.8~28.9 d.各国的研究均表明二甲四氯、莠灭净、敌草隆均已证实对环境特别是环境地下水体有较高的残留风险,从本文的研究结果看,莠灭净及敌草隆在土壤环境中的DT50最长可达28 d以上,对甘蔗种植区环境土壤及水体存在较大的残留风险.
以目前在甘蔗生產中大量使用的二甲四氯、莠滅淨、敵草隆三元混劑為研究對象,建立併優化三元除草劑在甘蔗及土壤基質中的殘留檢測方法,探索三元農藥在甘蔗使用後其在甘蔗及環境土壤中的降解特性,結果錶明,以2 628 g/hm2 在甘蔗及土壤中使用後,二甲四氯、莠滅淨、敵草隆在甘蔗植株中原始沉積量分彆為3.662~13.864,22.235~84.879,5.376~21.003 mg/kg,在土壤中分彆為:0.572~5.163,0.385~18.545,0.516~3.094 mg/kg.二甲四氯、莠滅淨、敵草隆在甘蔗植株中的降解半衰期分彆為:3.6~9.5,1.6~13.6,2.2~18.2 d,在土壤中分彆為:2.4~7.9,4.8~28.9,15.8~28.9 d.各國的研究均錶明二甲四氯、莠滅淨、敵草隆均已證實對環境特彆是環境地下水體有較高的殘留風險,從本文的研究結果看,莠滅淨及敵草隆在土壤環境中的DT50最長可達28 d以上,對甘蔗種植區環境土壤及水體存在較大的殘留風險.
이목전재감자생산중대량사용적이갑사록、유멸정、활초륭삼원혼제위연구대상,건립병우화삼원제초제재감자급토양기질중적잔류검측방법,탐색삼원농약재감자사용후기재감자급배경토양중적강해특성,결과표명,이2 628 g/hm2 재감자급토양중사용후,이갑사록、유멸정、활초륭재감자식주중원시침적량분별위3.662~13.864,22.235~84.879,5.376~21.003 mg/kg,재토양중분별위:0.572~5.163,0.385~18.545,0.516~3.094 mg/kg.이갑사록、유멸정、활초륭재감자식주중적강해반쇠기분별위:3.6~9.5,1.6~13.6,2.2~18.2 d,재토양중분별위:2.4~7.9,4.8~28.9,15.8~28.9 d.각국적연구균표명이갑사록、유멸정、활초륭균이증실대배경특별시배경지하수체유교고적잔류풍험,종본문적연구결과간,유멸정급활초륭재토양배경중적DT50최장가체28 d이상,대감자충식구배경토양급수체존재교대적잔류풍험.
An analytical method was developed to extract and determine 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid(MCPA),ametryn and diuron and their degradation dynamics in sugarcane and soil.The results showed that MCPA,ametryn and diuron initial residues in sugarcane were 3.662-13.864 mg/kg,22.235-84.879 mg/kg and 5.376-21.003 mg/kg,respectively.MCPA,ametryn and diuron initial residues in soil were 0.572-5.163 mg/kg,0.385-18.545 mg/kg and 0.516-3.094 mg/kg,respectively.The half-lives of degradation of MCPA,ametryn,diuron in sugarcane were 3.6-9.5 d,1.6-13.6 d,2.2-18.2 d,respectively.And 2.4-7.9 d,4.8-28.9 d,15.8-28.9 d in soil,respectively.Many studies had showed that MCPA,Ametryn,Diuron were of-ten detected in the underground water in the United States,EU and other countries.The results of this study showed that the DT50 of ametryn and diuron in soil would be up to 28 days,wide application would bring a high residual risk and high residual pressure.
