CAJ | 학술논문

城乡建设用地分布与变化是人类活动的直观标志和生态足迹,在环境变化研究、地理国(世)情监测和可持续发展研究等方面发挥着重要作用.以往人们对一些城市、区域或国家的城乡建设用地分布与变化进行过较为深入系统的研究,但在全球尺度上,这方面研究尚为空白.本文是利用我国自主研制的世界上首套30 m 空间分辨率全球地表覆盖数据集GlobeLand30的人造地表数据层,首次开展了全球城乡建设用地的空间分布及变化的统计分析.它采用用地面积、构成占比和增量占比等主要指标,统计全球范围内城乡建设用地的空间分布及2000年至2010年10年间的变化,重点分析了2010年全球、各大洲及主要国家的城乡建设用地分布现状与地域差异,2000年至2010年全球、主要国家的建设用地变化以及其主要土地来源.研究结果表明,2010年全球城乡建设用地总面积为118．75×104 km2,占全球陆表面积的0．88％；2000年至2010年全球城乡建设用地面积增加了5．74×104 km2,变化率为5．08％,其中,中国和美国新增城乡建设用地约占全球的一半；新增城乡建设用地占用最多的是耕地,占总量的50．26％.这些为研究全球陆表人类活动的空间分布特征与变化趋势提供了翔实的信息和知识.
성향건설용지분포여변화시인류활동적직관표지화생태족적,재배경변화연구、지리국(세)정감측화가지속발전연구등방면발휘착중요작용.이왕인문대일사성시、구역혹국가적성향건설용지분포여변화진행과교위심입계통적연구,단재전구척도상,저방면연구상위공백.본문시이용아국자주연제적세계상수투30 m 공간분변솔전구지표복개수거집GlobeLand30적인조지표수거층,수차개전료전구성향건설용지적공간분포급변화적통계분석.타채용용지면적、구성점비화증량점비등주요지표,통계전구범위내성향건설용지적공간분포급2000년지2010년10년간적변화,중점분석료2010년전구、각대주급주요국가적성향건설용지분포현상여지역차이,2000년지2010년전구、주요국가적건설용지변화이급기주요토지래원.연구결과표명,2010년전구성향건설용지총면적위118．75×104 km2,점전구륙표면적적0．88％；2000년지2010년전구성향건설용지면적증가료5．74×104 km2,변화솔위5．08％,기중,중국화미국신증성향건설용지약점전구적일반；신증성향건설용지점용최다적시경지,점총량적50．26％.저사위연구전구륙표인류활동적공간분포특정여변화추세제공료상실적신식화지식.
As an important anthropogenic indicator and human ecological foot print,bui lt-up areas and its change is an essential information for envi ronmental change analysis,geo-conditional monitoring and sustainable development.In the past,bui lt-up areas and its change studies were mainly focused on a city, regional or nation scale,and it has not been possible to conduct a global bui lt-up areas and its change analysis yet.This paper presented the methodology and results of the fi rst global analysis of bui lt-up areas and its ten year’s change (2000-2010)using GlobeLand30,China’s 30 meter resolution global land cover data sets-.Bui lt-up areas,change rate and increase proportion were the major statistical variables used for the statistical analysis.The result shows that the total area of the global bui lt-up areas is 1.187 5 mi l l ion km2 ,covering 0.88% of the total area of the global land surface;the area of global bui lt-up areas increased 57 400 km2 with the variation rate of 5.08% from 2000 to 2010;and China and United Sates are the top two countries having the largest increased bui lt-up areas,i.e.,accounting over 50% of that of the global total;50.26% of the total increased bui lt-up areas comes from the arable land.These results provide rel iable spatio-temporal information to the study of human domination of Earth’s ecosystems and global monitoring.