山东农业科学
山東農業科學
산동농업과학
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
2015年
11期
106-110
,共5页
王星凌%朱荣生%赵红波%胡明%黄保华
王星凌%硃榮生%趙紅波%鬍明%黃保華
왕성릉%주영생%조홍파%호명%황보화
紫花苜蓿%裹包青贮质量%含水量%菌剂
紫花苜蓿%裹包青貯質量%含水量%菌劑
자화목숙%과포청저질량%함수량%균제
Alfalfa%Wrapped silage quality%Moisture%Inoculants
选用4个含水量(80%、70%、55%和45%)的紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)分别添加米曲菌(Asper-gillus oryzae)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)和不添加菌剂进行裹包青贮。在青贮45 d 开包取样,分析各处理青贮苜蓿干基的 pH、氨态氮和总氮变化、微生物菌落和有机酸指标,探讨不同含水量和菌剂及其互作对紫花苜蓿裹包青贮质量的影响。结果表明,80%含水量的裹包青贮苜蓿 pH 和氨态氮数值偏高,乳酸菌极少,乳酸极低,产生了丁酸和丙酸(P <0.05,P <0.01);45%含水量的裹包青贮苜蓿酵母菌和霉菌较多,乙酸偏低(P <0.01);70%和55%含水量的裹包青贮苜蓿其所有测试指标较佳(P <0.05,P <0.01)。随着苜蓿含水量由70%降低至45%,添加米曲菌维持低 pH 值、抑制酵母菌和霉菌菌落和增加乳酸(P <0.05,P <0.01);添加植物乳杆菌减少氨态氮和乙酸菌产生,降低乙酸(P <0.05)。含水量和菌剂对裹包青贮苜蓿乳酸菌和乙酸菌菌落有互作,导致乳酸和乙酸测值变化(P <0.05)。由此结论,含水量比添加菌剂对苜蓿裹包青贮质量的影响更为显著,70%和55%含水量的紫花苜蓿裹包青贮效果较好;添加米曲菌促进乳酸菌发酵产生乳酸;添加植物乳杆菌降低氨态氮产生,减少低含水量的乙酸菌产生乙酸。
選用4箇含水量(80%、70%、55%和45%)的紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)分彆添加米麯菌(Asper-gillus oryzae)、植物乳桿菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)和不添加菌劑進行裹包青貯。在青貯45 d 開包取樣,分析各處理青貯苜蓿榦基的 pH、氨態氮和總氮變化、微生物菌落和有機痠指標,探討不同含水量和菌劑及其互作對紫花苜蓿裹包青貯質量的影響。結果錶明,80%含水量的裹包青貯苜蓿 pH 和氨態氮數值偏高,乳痠菌極少,乳痠極低,產生瞭丁痠和丙痠(P <0.05,P <0.01);45%含水量的裹包青貯苜蓿酵母菌和黴菌較多,乙痠偏低(P <0.01);70%和55%含水量的裹包青貯苜蓿其所有測試指標較佳(P <0.05,P <0.01)。隨著苜蓿含水量由70%降低至45%,添加米麯菌維持低 pH 值、抑製酵母菌和黴菌菌落和增加乳痠(P <0.05,P <0.01);添加植物乳桿菌減少氨態氮和乙痠菌產生,降低乙痠(P <0.05)。含水量和菌劑對裹包青貯苜蓿乳痠菌和乙痠菌菌落有互作,導緻乳痠和乙痠測值變化(P <0.05)。由此結論,含水量比添加菌劑對苜蓿裹包青貯質量的影響更為顯著,70%和55%含水量的紫花苜蓿裹包青貯效果較好;添加米麯菌促進乳痠菌髮酵產生乳痠;添加植物乳桿菌降低氨態氮產生,減少低含水量的乙痠菌產生乙痠。
선용4개함수량(80%、70%、55%화45%)적자화목숙(Medicago sativa)분별첨가미곡균(Asper-gillus oryzae)、식물유간균(Lactobacillus plantarum)화불첨가균제진행과포청저。재청저45 d 개포취양,분석각처리청저목숙간기적 pH、안태담화총담변화、미생물균락화유궤산지표,탐토불동함수량화균제급기호작대자화목숙과포청저질량적영향。결과표명,80%함수량적과포청저목숙 pH 화안태담수치편고,유산균겁소,유산겁저,산생료정산화병산(P <0.05,P <0.01);45%함수량적과포청저목숙효모균화매균교다,을산편저(P <0.01);70%화55%함수량적과포청저목숙기소유측시지표교가(P <0.05,P <0.01)。수착목숙함수량유70%강저지45%,첨가미곡균유지저 pH 치、억제효모균화매균균락화증가유산(P <0.05,P <0.01);첨가식물유간균감소안태담화을산균산생,강저을산(P <0.05)。함수량화균제대과포청저목숙유산균화을산균균락유호작,도치유산화을산측치변화(P <0.05)。유차결론,함수량비첨가균제대목숙과포청저질량적영향경위현저,70%화55%함수량적자화목숙과포청저효과교호;첨가미곡균촉진유산균발효산생유산;첨가식물유간균강저안태담산생,감소저함수량적을산균산생을산。
The alfalfa (Medicago sativa)with 4 different moisture contents of 80%,70%,55% and 45% were supplemented with Aspergillus oryzae,Lactobacillus plantarum and no inoculants respectively to e-valuate the effects of moisture and inoculants on the quality of wrapped alfalfa silage.After ensiling for 45 days,the silage samples were taken and the pH value,NH3 -N and total N content,microbial colonies and organic acids were analyzed.The results showed that the wrapped alfalfa silage with 80% moisture had higher pH and NH3 -N values,and extremely low lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid.The butyric acid and propionic acid were also observed (P <0.05,P <0.01 ).The wrapped alfalfa silage with 45% moisture had more yeast and mold colonies,and lower acetic acid content (P <0.01 ).That with 70% or 55% moisture achieved the best estimates (P <0.05,P <0.01 ).With the moisture contents of wrapped alfalfa silage decreasing from 70% to 45%,supplementing A.oryzae lowered pH value,inhibited yeast and mold colonies and promoted the production of lactic acid(P <0.05,P <0.01 );while supplementing L.plantarum reduced NH3 -N and ace-tobacter colonies,and lowered acetic acid content (P <0.05).The moisture and inoculants of wrapped alfalfa silages had interaction effects on lactic acid bacteria and acetobacter colonies,which resulted in the changes of lactic acid and acetic acid production (P <0.05).It is concluded that the moisture content was more impor-tant to the wrapped alfalfa silage quality than supplementing inoculants,and that with 70% or 55% moisture contents had the best estimates.Supplementing A.oryzae promoted lactic acid bacteria fermentation to produce more lactic acid,and supplementing L.plantarum lowered NH3 -N value,and reduced acetobacter colonies and acetic acid production with low moisture contents.