解放军护理杂志
解放軍護理雜誌
해방군호리잡지
Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
2015年
20期
18-22
,共5页
军事联合行动%高原高寒%驻训官兵%健康教育%角色化%调查研究
軍事聯閤行動%高原高寒%駐訓官兵%健康教育%角色化%調查研究
군사연합행동%고원고한%주훈관병%건강교육%각색화%조사연구
united military action%plateau and frigid zone%officers and soldiers in training%health educa-tion%role%research investigation
目的：了解高原地区驻训官兵对健康教育的需求及角色特点。方法2014年8－10月采用整群抽样法对格尔木808名驻训官兵进行调查，内容包括卫生知识掌握情况、对健康教育的需求、获得健康知识的途径及健康教育时机，并分析新兵、老兵、干部等不同角色的异同点。结果所有驻训官兵对健康基本知识熟悉程度均较高，但对高原疾病预防的掌握程度较差；在各项知识的掌握程度上，老兵最熟悉、新兵次之、干部最差，尤其是对心理知识、高原环境保健知识、高原训练战伤知识的掌握程度差异有统计学意义（P＜00．5）；所有驻训官兵对传染病预防、新型武器防护知识的需求程度均较低，老兵、干部对心理知识需求的迫切程度高于新兵；新兵、老兵最希望通过情景指导方式获得健康知识，而干部则最倾向于授课；所有驻训官兵均认为住院期间是最不重要的健康教育时机，三者在认可入退伍时、季节转换时、高原停留期等健康教育时机方面的差异有统计学意义（P＜00．5）。结论新兵、老兵、干部在训练中承担着不同的角色任务，面临着不同的健康威胁，有着不同的健康需求。因此，对高原地区驻训官兵的健康教育应紧密结合官兵的角色特点，对其进行明确、具体、有针对性的健康指导，以提高健康教育的效果。
目的：瞭解高原地區駐訓官兵對健康教育的需求及角色特點。方法2014年8－10月採用整群抽樣法對格爾木808名駐訓官兵進行調查，內容包括衛生知識掌握情況、對健康教育的需求、穫得健康知識的途徑及健康教育時機，併分析新兵、老兵、榦部等不同角色的異同點。結果所有駐訓官兵對健康基本知識熟悉程度均較高，但對高原疾病預防的掌握程度較差；在各項知識的掌握程度上，老兵最熟悉、新兵次之、榦部最差，尤其是對心理知識、高原環境保健知識、高原訓練戰傷知識的掌握程度差異有統計學意義（P＜00．5）；所有駐訓官兵對傳染病預防、新型武器防護知識的需求程度均較低，老兵、榦部對心理知識需求的迫切程度高于新兵；新兵、老兵最希望通過情景指導方式穫得健康知識，而榦部則最傾嚮于授課；所有駐訓官兵均認為住院期間是最不重要的健康教育時機，三者在認可入退伍時、季節轉換時、高原停留期等健康教育時機方麵的差異有統計學意義（P＜00．5）。結論新兵、老兵、榦部在訓練中承擔著不同的角色任務，麵臨著不同的健康威脅，有著不同的健康需求。因此，對高原地區駐訓官兵的健康教育應緊密結閤官兵的角色特點，對其進行明確、具體、有針對性的健康指導，以提高健康教育的效果。
목적：료해고원지구주훈관병대건강교육적수구급각색특점。방법2014년8－10월채용정군추양법대격이목808명주훈관병진행조사，내용포괄위생지식장악정황、대건강교육적수구、획득건강지식적도경급건강교육시궤，병분석신병、노병、간부등불동각색적이동점。결과소유주훈관병대건강기본지식숙실정도균교고，단대고원질병예방적장악정도교차；재각항지식적장악정도상，노병최숙실、신병차지、간부최차，우기시대심리지식、고원배경보건지식、고원훈련전상지식적장악정도차이유통계학의의（P＜00．5）；소유주훈관병대전염병예방、신형무기방호지식적수구정도균교저，노병、간부대심리지식수구적박절정도고우신병；신병、노병최희망통과정경지도방식획득건강지식，이간부칙최경향우수과；소유주훈관병균인위주원기간시최불중요적건강교육시궤，삼자재인가입퇴오시、계절전환시、고원정류기등건강교육시궤방면적차이유통계학의의（P＜00．5）。결론신병、노병、간부재훈련중승담착불동적각색임무，면림착불동적건강위협，유착불동적건강수구。인차，대고원지구주훈관병적건강교육응긴밀결합관병적각색특점，대기진행명학、구체、유침대성적건강지도，이제고건강교육적효과。
Objective To understand the health education demand and its characteristic of officers and sol-diers training in plateau and frigid zone .Methods Totally 808 officers and soldiers were selected and the hygienic knowledge mastery stats ,health education demand ,health knowledge acquiring time were evalua-ted ,and the characteristic of new recruits ,veterans and officers were analyzed .Results All officers and sol-diers had a higher level of health education basic knowledge ,while they were not familiar with the plateau disease prevention know ledge .Regarding to the know ledge mastery level ,the veterans ranked the highest , followed by new recruits and officers ,especially in psychological knowledge ,plateau healthcare knowledge and medical knowledge(P<0 0.5) .All officers and soldiers had a low level of demand in prevention of infec-tious disease knowledge and protection knowledge of new types of weapon .The veterans and officers had higher demand towards psychological knowledge than new recruits .The new recruits and veterans wish to acquire health knowledge from scene guidance ,while the officers expected lessons .All officers and soldiers thought the hospitalized-related knowledge was unnecessary ,there were statistical significance showed in education timing of enlist ,discharge ,seasonal change ,and plateau stay among new recruits ,veterans and of-ficers(P<0 0.5) .Conclusion New recruits ,veterans and officers are facing different health threats and had different health demand ,thus the health education should focus on the different role characteristic to pro-vide specific ,targeted health guidance ,in order to improve the health education effect .
