CAJ | 학술논문

中国农村的应急管理，需要顶层设计，但更离不开针对农村社区的底层设计。防灾减灾是中国农村最为经济而有效的应急管理手段。目前我国迫切需要以村级组织防灾减灾能力建设推动农村应急管理的底层设计。在对防灾减灾能力作出界定的基础上，本文提出了农村防灾减灾底层设计框架，即以公共设施建设能力和自然灾害风险管理能力等9大能力为一级指标与39项二级指标构成的村级组织防灾减灾能力建设框架体系。农村防灾减灾工作需要基于这一框架体系进行科学规划与设计，目标是提高村级组织的防灾减灾能力，以减少农村灾害的发生，提高农村社区的抗灾救灾能力。
중국농촌적응급관리，수요정층설계，단경리불개침대농촌사구적저층설계。방재감재시중국농촌최위경제이유효적응급관리수단。목전아국박절수요이촌급조직방재감재능력건설추동농촌응급관리적저층설계。재대방재감재능력작출계정적기출상，본문제출료농촌방재감재저층설계광가，즉이공공설시건설능력화자연재해풍험관리능력등9대능력위일급지표여39항이급지표구성적촌급조직방재감재능력건설광가체계。농촌방재감재공작수요기우저일광가체계진행과학규화여설계，목표시제고촌급조직적방재감재능력，이감소농촌재해적발생，제고농촌사구적항재구재능력。
Emergency management in China's rural areas not only needs the top -level design but also the bottom design of the rural community.Disaster prevention and reduction is the most economical and effective emergency manage-ment tool in China's rural areas.At present our country urgently needs to promote the bottom design of the coun-tryside emergency management through the construction of disaster prevention and reduction ability of village or-ganization.Based on the definition of disaster prevention and reduction capacity,this paper puts forward the bottom design framework of rural disaster prevention and reduction including 9 major indicators about the capac-ity of public facilities construction and the risk management of natural disasters and 39 second level indicators which constitute the disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building framework of village organization.Rural disaster prevention and mitigation work needs scientific planning and design based on the framework .The goal of the framework is to improve the capacity of disaster prevention and mitigation in village organizations,reduce the occurrence of disasters in rural areas and improve the capacity of disaster management in rural community.