解放军护理杂志
解放軍護理雜誌
해방군호리잡지
Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
2015年
19期
11-15
,共5页
何梦雪%沈南平%周芬%范晟怡
何夢雪%瀋南平%週芬%範晟怡
하몽설%침남평%주분%범성이
儿童%血液肿瘤%口腔炎
兒童%血液腫瘤%口腔炎
인동%혈액종류%구강염
children%hematological neoplasms%oral mucositis
目的：了解血液肿瘤患儿化疗开始后2周内口腔炎的发生状况及其影响因素，为制订针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法2014年1－3月，选取上海市某三级甲等儿童专科医院血液肿瘤科化疗期的210例血液肿瘤患儿为研究对象，应用一般资料调查表、WHO化疗相关口腔炎分级标准、WHO化疗相关恶心呕吐分级标准、WHO化疗相关腹泻分级标准对其进行调查。结果210例血液肿瘤患儿中，58例（276．％）发生口腔炎，其中38例（655．％）发生2级以上的口腔炎；口腔炎的发生率随化疗时间逐渐升高，在化疗开始后第8天到达顶峰，然后下降；血液肿瘤患儿发生化疗相关口腔炎的影响因素包括化疗前血肌酐升高、化疗方案中包含抗肿瘤代谢类药物及恶心呕吐等。结论血液肿瘤患儿发生化疗相关口腔炎仍较常见，且受多种因素的影响；护理人员应根据患儿化疗前的肾功能、化疗方案、化疗后消化道细胞毒性反应等采取相应的干预措施，重视口腔炎的预先评估，并加强对患儿及家长的居家口腔护理指导。
目的：瞭解血液腫瘤患兒化療開始後2週內口腔炎的髮生狀況及其影響因素，為製訂針對性的榦預措施提供依據。方法2014年1－3月，選取上海市某三級甲等兒童專科醫院血液腫瘤科化療期的210例血液腫瘤患兒為研究對象，應用一般資料調查錶、WHO化療相關口腔炎分級標準、WHO化療相關噁心嘔吐分級標準、WHO化療相關腹瀉分級標準對其進行調查。結果210例血液腫瘤患兒中，58例（276．％）髮生口腔炎，其中38例（655．％）髮生2級以上的口腔炎；口腔炎的髮生率隨化療時間逐漸升高，在化療開始後第8天到達頂峰，然後下降；血液腫瘤患兒髮生化療相關口腔炎的影響因素包括化療前血肌酐升高、化療方案中包含抗腫瘤代謝類藥物及噁心嘔吐等。結論血液腫瘤患兒髮生化療相關口腔炎仍較常見，且受多種因素的影響；護理人員應根據患兒化療前的腎功能、化療方案、化療後消化道細胞毒性反應等採取相應的榦預措施，重視口腔炎的預先評估，併加彊對患兒及傢長的居傢口腔護理指導。
목적：료해혈액종류환인화료개시후2주내구강염적발생상황급기영향인소，위제정침대성적간예조시제공의거。방법2014년1－3월，선취상해시모삼급갑등인동전과의원혈액종류과화료기적210례혈액종류환인위연구대상，응용일반자료조사표、WHO화료상관구강염분급표준、WHO화료상관악심구토분급표준、WHO화료상관복사분급표준대기진행조사。결과210례혈액종류환인중，58례（276．％）발생구강염，기중38례（655．％）발생2급이상적구강염；구강염적발생솔수화료시간축점승고，재화료개시후제8천도체정봉，연후하강；혈액종류환인발생화료상관구강염적영향인소포괄화료전혈기항승고、화료방안중포함항종류대사류약물급악심구토등。결론혈액종류환인발생화료상관구강염잉교상견，차수다충인소적영향；호리인원응근거환인화료전적신공능、화료방안、화료후소화도세포독성반응등채취상응적간예조시，중시구강염적예선평고，병가강대환인급가장적거가구강호리지도。
Objective To longitudinally investigate oral mucositis and its related factors in children with cancer in two weeks after the beginning of chemotherap ,in order to praide eviderce for intevention meas-ures .Methods By convenience sampling ,a total of 210 pediatric patients with cancer were recruited and they were investigated with general scale questionnaire ,WHO chemotherapy-related oral mucositis grade system ,WHO chemotherapy-related nausea/vomiting grade system ,and WHO chemotherapy-related diar-rhea grade system .Results There were 58 pediatric patients (27 6.% ) occurred oral mucositis ,while 38 of them (65 5.% ) occurred oral mucositis higher than grade 2 .The occurrence of oral mucositis increased along with the time advance after beginning of chemotherapy ,peaked at the 8th day ,and decreased subsequently . Related factors of oral mucositis in pediatric patients included high creatinine before chemotherapy ,anti-tumor metabolistic drugs in chemotherapy protocol ,and nausea/vomiting (P<0 0.5) .Conclusion Oral mu-cositis is still common in pediatric patients with cancer ,and affected by several factors .Nurses should pay more attention to patients’ renal function ,chemotherapy protocol and cytotoxic reaction during chemother-apy ,emphasize predictable assessment of oral mucositis ,and enhance home oral care of pediatric patients and their caregivers .
