CAJ | 학술논문

优质豆科牧草选育和栽培对于高寒地区畜牧业发展具有重要意义，歪头菜是高寒地区极具饲用价值的豆科牧草，对其进行产量和营养品质动态变化研究，有利于高品质饲草的生产和利用。在高山草原地区通过田间试验，研究了歪头菜在不同生长时期（分枝期、现蕾期、初花期、盛花期）刈割时，干草产量和粗蛋白（CP）、可溶性糖（WSC）、灰分（ASH）含量和矿物元素含量的动态变化。结果表明，歪头菜草产量随着生长逐渐增加，而 CP、WSC含量在生长初期较高，生长后期（盛花期）CP 含量降低，而 WSC 含量达到最高。ASH 含量在整个生长过程中呈单峰曲线变化特征，但各矿物元素含量的变化规律不尽相同。从饲用角度看，各刈割期的 CP 含量均达到美国一等饲草标准，其中，盛花期干草产量和 WSC 含量最高，营养元素中，除 Ca 和 Cu 外，能够基本满足高寒地区家畜对 P、K、Na、Mg、Mn 和 Zn 元素的营养需求。进一步利用灰色关联度分析和权重赋值法对上述指标进行综合评价，发现盛花期综合评价值最高，因此建议歪头菜在高山草原地区的最佳利用时期为盛花期。
우질두과목초선육화재배대우고한지구축목업발전구유중요의의，왜두채시고한지구겁구사용개치적두과목초，대기진행산량화영양품질동태변화연구，유리우고품질사초적생산화이용。재고산초원지구통과전간시험，연구료왜두채재불동생장시기（분지기、현뢰기、초화기、성화기）예할시，간초산량화조단백（CP）、가용성당（WSC）、회분（ASH）함량화광물원소함량적동태변화。결과표명，왜두채초산량수착생장축점증가，이 CP、WSC함량재생장초기교고，생장후기（성화기）CP 함량강저，이 WSC 함량체도최고。ASH 함량재정개생장과정중정단봉곡선변화특정，단각광물원소함량적변화규률불진상동。종사용각도간，각예할기적 CP 함량균체도미국일등사초표준，기중，성화기간초산량화 WSC 함량최고，영양원소중，제 Ca 화 Cu 외，능구기본만족고한지구가축대 P、K、Na、Mg、Mn 화 Zn 원소적영양수구。진일보이용회색관련도분석화권중부치법대상술지표진행종합평개，발현성화기종합평개치최고，인차건의왜두채재고산초원지구적최가이용시기위성화기。
Breeding and cultivating high-quality legumes is an important way to develop livestock agriculture on alpine grasslands.Vicia unijuga is a perennial legume with high feeding value.Research on its hay yield and nutrient dynamics is needed to inform its production and utilization as forage.A field trial has been conducted on Gannan alpine grasslands with the aim of investigating the feeding value of V .unijuga at different growth stages.Samples were taken at branching,squaring,20% bloom and 80% bloom stages.Measurements were made to determine forage yield,crude protein (CP)and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC)contents,as well as the levels of ash and various other mineral elements.Results showed that hay yield increased with growth stage but that CP levels were higher at the early growth stage.While CP decreased at the late growth stage (80%bloom),WSC contents reached their highest level at this point.Ash levels showed a single-peak curve variation across the different growth stages.However,mineral element contents varied less consistently.P,Zn,Ca and Mn varied in half-peak or peak type curves,Na and Mg in linear type,K and Cu in wave type.In conclusion, CP contents reached the levels of first-class forage grasses in America.Hay yield and WSC levels were highest at the 80% bloom stage,at which point the levels of P,K,Na,Mg,Mn and Zn are sufficient to satisfy the basic needs of livestock.Grey relational analysis and weight assignment methods were used to evaluate the a-bove results.This analysis showed that the evaluation index was highest at the 80% bloom stage,which is thus the optimal cutting point ofV .unijuga for alpine grassland agriculture.