山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）
山東大學學報（哲學社會科學版）
산동대학학보（철학사회과학판）
Journal of Shandong University (Philosophy and Social Sciences)
2015年
6期
37-45
,共9页
城镇化%农民权益%平等原则%自愿原则%公平原则
城鎮化%農民權益%平等原則%自願原則%公平原則
성진화%농민권익%평등원칙%자원원칙%공평원칙
urbanization%farmers’rights and interests%principle of equality%voluntary principle%fair principle
私法在城乡一体化建设中有重要作用。在城镇化中保护农民权益应坚持平等、自愿、公平原则。平等原则是现代法治的要求。平等原则要求农民与城市居民具有平等的法律地位，享受平等的权利，受法律平等保护。对农民享有的房屋所有权和土地使用权予以差别对待，对农民的财产权利的权能予以限制等规定和做法，既违反平等原则，也不符合改革的要求。自愿原则的核心内容是自主权。凡涉及农民利益的事项，应由其自主决定。自愿以自由为前提，自由是自愿的表现。有了农民的自由，经济就有活力。只有使城镇化成为农民的自愿行为才能实现预期目标，政府在城镇化中应发挥引导作用而非起主导作用。公平也就是正义，是法律的一般价值。在城镇化中特别应重视交易中的公平，不能限制资源的市场交易价格。基于社会公共利益的需要，有必要对某些农民的权利行使自由予以合理的限制，但这种限制不是利益的剥夺，必须对受限制而会失去利益的农民予以合理补偿。
私法在城鄉一體化建設中有重要作用。在城鎮化中保護農民權益應堅持平等、自願、公平原則。平等原則是現代法治的要求。平等原則要求農民與城市居民具有平等的法律地位，享受平等的權利，受法律平等保護。對農民享有的房屋所有權和土地使用權予以差彆對待，對農民的財產權利的權能予以限製等規定和做法，既違反平等原則，也不符閤改革的要求。自願原則的覈心內容是自主權。凡涉及農民利益的事項，應由其自主決定。自願以自由為前提，自由是自願的錶現。有瞭農民的自由，經濟就有活力。隻有使城鎮化成為農民的自願行為纔能實現預期目標，政府在城鎮化中應髮揮引導作用而非起主導作用。公平也就是正義，是法律的一般價值。在城鎮化中特彆應重視交易中的公平，不能限製資源的市場交易價格。基于社會公共利益的需要，有必要對某些農民的權利行使自由予以閤理的限製，但這種限製不是利益的剝奪，必鬚對受限製而會失去利益的農民予以閤理補償。
사법재성향일체화건설중유중요작용。재성진화중보호농민권익응견지평등、자원、공평원칙。평등원칙시현대법치적요구。평등원칙요구농민여성시거민구유평등적법률지위，향수평등적권리，수법률평등보호。대농민향유적방옥소유권화토지사용권여이차별대대，대농민적재산권리적권능여이한제등규정화주법，기위반평등원칙，야불부합개혁적요구。자원원칙적핵심내용시자주권。범섭급농민이익적사항，응유기자주결정。자원이자유위전제，자유시자원적표현。유료농민적자유，경제취유활력。지유사성진화성위농민적자원행위재능실현예기목표，정부재성진화중응발휘인도작용이비기주도작용。공평야취시정의，시법률적일반개치。재성진화중특별응중시교역중적공평，불능한제자원적시장교역개격。기우사회공공이익적수요，유필요대모사농민적권리행사자유여이합리적한제，단저충한제불시이익적박탈，필수대수한제이회실거이익적농민여이합리보상。
Private law plays an important role in the integration of urban and rural areas.In the protection of the rights and interests of the farmers in the urbanization should adhere to equality, voluntary and fair principle.The principle of equality is the request of the modern rule of law.The equality principle requires that the farmers and the city residents have equal legal status,enjoy the equal rights,and protected by the equality of law.Differently treating the farmers ’ housing ownership and land use rights as well as setting restrictions on the power of property rights of farmers not only violates the principle of equality,but also does not conform to the reform of the requirements.The core content of the voluntary principle is autonomy.The matters concerned the interests of the farmers should be determined by their own initiative.Freedom is the premise and freedom is the manifestation of voluntary.With the freedom of the farmers,the economy has the vigor.Only by making the voluntary behavior of the farmers can realize the expected target,and the government should play a guiding role instead of the leading role in the urbanization.Justice is the general value of law.In the urbanization,governments should pay special attention to the fair in the transaction,and they cannot limit the resources market transaction price.Based on the needs of public interests,it is necessary to give farmers freedom and set reasonable restrictions.This restriction is not a deprivation.For the farmers who lose the interests,reasonable compensation should be paid.
