人民黄河
人民黃河
인민황하
Yellow River
2015年
11期
85-91
,共7页
植被覆盖%NDVI%水土保持%黄土高原%2000-2012年
植被覆蓋%NDVI%水土保持%黃土高原%2000-2012年
식피복개%NDVI%수토보지%황토고원%2000-2012년
vegetation cover%NDVI%temporal and spatial distribution%Loess Plateau%2000-2012
归一化植被指数( NDVI)是综合表征植被覆盖状况的重要指标之一。采用2000—2012年黄土高原1 km ×1 km分辨率的MODIS NDVI影像数据，分析了退耕还林(草)工程实施以来黄土高原各省(区)、典型流域和土壤侵蚀类型区植被覆盖的时空变化特征，揭示了黄土高原退耕还林(草)措施的生态成效。结果表明：2000—2012年黄土高原植被覆盖整体呈增大趋势，且在时间和空间上有所差异。从空间尺度上看，黄土高原植被覆盖呈整体改善、局部退化趋势，植被覆盖增加了9.81%，尤以黄土丘陵沟壑区陕西省榆林、延安地区最为显著；从时间尺度上看，年际、春、夏、秋季NDVI呈增大趋势，冬季NDVI呈减小趋势；按省(区)来看，陕西省增幅最大(为0.47%)，青海省增幅最小(为0.16%)，山西、宁夏、甘肃、内蒙古分别增长0.38%、0.33%、0.31%、0.23%；按黄河中游典型流域来看，延河流域增幅最大(为1.14%)，无定河流域次之(为0.59%)，渭河流域增幅最小(为0.43%)；按黄土高原侵蚀类型分区来看，水力侵蚀区植被覆盖增长率较大，风力侵蚀区则较小。 NDVI增加主要发生在春、夏两季。
歸一化植被指數( NDVI)是綜閤錶徵植被覆蓋狀況的重要指標之一。採用2000—2012年黃土高原1 km ×1 km分辨率的MODIS NDVI影像數據，分析瞭退耕還林(草)工程實施以來黃土高原各省(區)、典型流域和土壤侵蝕類型區植被覆蓋的時空變化特徵，揭示瞭黃土高原退耕還林(草)措施的生態成效。結果錶明：2000—2012年黃土高原植被覆蓋整體呈增大趨勢，且在時間和空間上有所差異。從空間呎度上看，黃土高原植被覆蓋呈整體改善、跼部退化趨勢，植被覆蓋增加瞭9.81%，尤以黃土丘陵溝壑區陝西省榆林、延安地區最為顯著；從時間呎度上看，年際、春、夏、鞦季NDVI呈增大趨勢，鼕季NDVI呈減小趨勢；按省(區)來看，陝西省增幅最大(為0.47%)，青海省增幅最小(為0.16%)，山西、寧夏、甘肅、內矇古分彆增長0.38%、0.33%、0.31%、0.23%；按黃河中遊典型流域來看，延河流域增幅最大(為1.14%)，無定河流域次之(為0.59%)，渭河流域增幅最小(為0.43%)；按黃土高原侵蝕類型分區來看，水力侵蝕區植被覆蓋增長率較大，風力侵蝕區則較小。 NDVI增加主要髮生在春、夏兩季。
귀일화식피지수( NDVI)시종합표정식피복개상황적중요지표지일。채용2000—2012년황토고원1 km ×1 km분변솔적MODIS NDVI영상수거，분석료퇴경환림(초)공정실시이래황토고원각성(구)、전형류역화토양침식류형구식피복개적시공변화특정，게시료황토고원퇴경환림(초)조시적생태성효。결과표명：2000—2012년황토고원식피복개정체정증대추세，차재시간화공간상유소차이。종공간척도상간，황토고원식피복개정정체개선、국부퇴화추세，식피복개증가료9.81%，우이황토구릉구학구합서성유림、연안지구최위현저；종시간척도상간，년제、춘、하、추계NDVI정증대추세，동계NDVI정감소추세；안성(구)래간，합서성증폭최대(위0.47%)，청해성증폭최소(위0.16%)，산서、저하、감숙、내몽고분별증장0.38%、0.33%、0.31%、0.23%；안황하중유전형류역래간，연하류역증폭최대(위1.14%)，무정하류역차지(위0.59%)，위하류역증폭최소(위0.43%)；안황토고원침식류형분구래간，수력침식구식피복개증장솔교대，풍력침식구칙교소。 NDVI증가주요발생재춘、하량계。
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ( NDVI) is one of the important indicators of comprehensive characterization of vegetation coverage. Based on the MODIS NDVI data of Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2012, this study analyzed the spatial-temporal variability of vegetation coverage in the regions of the Loess Plateau, typical watersheds and types of soil erosion areas after the project of returning farmland to forests or grassland to show the effectiveness of ecological building. The results show that during the study period, the vegetation of the Loess Plateau shows an increscent tendency. However, there is an obvious spatial distribution between regions. In recent decade, the vegetation of the Loess Plateau increases to 9. 81%, especially in Yulin and Yan'an areas of Shaanxi in the loess hilly region is significant;the NDVI of inter-annual, spring, summer and autumn shows upward trend and winter's NDVI declines. For provinces, the largest rate with increasing trends of the vegetation accounting to 0. 47% is Shaanxi Province, the smallest accounting to 0. 16% is Qinghai Province. Later for Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia are 0. 38%, 0. 33%, 0. 31% and 0. 23% respectively. For typical basins, Yanhe River basin is increased the most to 1. 14%, followed by Wuding River with 0. 59%;Weihe River basin is only 0. 43%. Type of soil erosion, the increasing rate of vegetation coverage in water erosion area is faster while wind erosion area is not obvious. Meanwhile, NDVI incensement occurs mainly in spring and summer, accounting for more than 60% of the year.
