CAJ | 학술논문

自二战至今,为美国科技发展做出突出贡献的能源部17所国家实验室经历了漫长的建设过程.通过对这17所国家实验室发展史的考察和研究发现:这些国家实验室借助国家实验室的孕育——国家重大战略需求的作用机理、国家实验室的雏形——科技工程和政府法令的作用机理、国家实验室的发展——优势研究领域的作用机理、国家实验室的成熟——文化的作用机理、国家实验室的迁越——竞争的作用机理,即5P-5M模型,作用于自身建设.研究结论在拓展了国家实验室文献研究领域的同时,也厘清了国家实验室建设的具体过程及其关键因子的作用机理,为实现我国国家实验室的顺利筹建和发展提供了有益启示.
자이전지금,위미국과기발전주출돌출공헌적능원부17소국가실험실경력료만장적건설과정.통과대저17소국가실험실발전사적고찰화연구발현:저사국가실험실차조국가실험실적잉육——국가중대전략수구적작용궤리、국가실험실적추형——과기공정화정부법령적작용궤리、국가실험실적발전——우세연구영역적작용궤리、국가실험실적성숙——문화적작용궤리、국가실험실적천월——경쟁적작용궤리,즉5P-5M모형,작용우자신건설.연구결론재탁전료국가실험실문헌연구영역적동시,야전청료국가실험실건설적구체과정급기관건인자적작용궤리,위실현아국국가실험실적순리주건화발전제공료유익계시.
Since World War Ⅱ, the Department of Energy's 17 national laboratories have made outstanding contribu-tions to U.S. technology development, and most of them have experienced a long process of building. By stu-dying and researching on 17 national laboratories' development history, we found that these national laboratories built based on 5P-5M model, which is National Laboratory Breed Phase-the Function Mechanism of National Ma-jor Strategic Needs, National Laboratory Miniature Phase-the Function Mechanism of Scientific and technological Projects and Government Acts, National Laboratory Development Phase-the Function Mechanism of Superiority Re-search Fields, National Laboratory Ripe Phase-the Function Mechanism of culture, National Laboratory Hopping Phase-the Function Mechanism of competition. This paper expands national laboratory research literatures, clarifies national laboratory specific construction process and its effect mechanisms of key factors at the same time, and it provides a useful enlightenment to preparing and developing our county's national laboratories smoothly.