CAJ | 학술논문

为了明确延安地区长生07谷子高产栽培的最佳留苗密度与施肥量，采用L9（34）正交试验设计，探讨了不同密度（22.5万、45.0万和67.5万株/hm2）与施肥水平（N施用量75、225和375 kg/hm2，P2O5施用量75、225和375 kg/hm2，K2O施用量0、75和150 kg/hm2）对谷子发病率、倒伏性、生育期性状、产量以及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明：不同施肥水平下，谷子抗倒伏性、穗粗和穗粒重均无显著差异；穗长在低K水平与中K水平间差异显著；千粒重随施N量的增加而降低，其中低N水平与高N水平间差异显著。低密度下谷子的抗倒伏强度较优；低密度与中密度的穗长和穗粗差异不显著，但均显著跃高密度；穗粒重和产量随着密度的增大而下降，其中低密度与高密度间的指标差异均达到了显著水平。在不同密度与施肥处理下，白发病发病率为1.6%~3.8%，生育期农艺性状无显著差异。本研究条件下，长生07谷子获得最高产量的密度与施肥组合为留苗密度22.5万株/hm2、施氮（N）量375 kg/hm2、施磷（P2O5）量375 kg/hm2、施钾（K2O）量150 kg/hm2，产量达到4933.5 kg/hm2。
위료명학연안지구장생07곡자고산재배적최가류묘밀도여시비량，채용L9（34）정교시험설계，탐토료불동밀도（22.5만、45.0만화67.5만주/hm2）여시비수평（N시용량75、225화375 kg/hm2，P2O5시용량75、225화375 kg/hm2，K2O시용량0、75화150 kg/hm2）대곡자발병솔、도복성、생육기성상、산량이급산량구성인소적영향。결과표명：불동시비수평하，곡자항도복성、수조화수립중균무현저차이；수장재저K수평여중K수평간차이현저；천립중수시N량적증가이강저，기중저N수평여고N수평간차이현저。저밀도하곡자적항도복강도교우；저밀도여중밀도적수장화수조차이불현저，단균현저약고밀도；수립중화산량수착밀도적증대이하강，기중저밀도여고밀도간적지표차이균체도료현저수평。재불동밀도여시비처리하，백발병발병솔위1.6%~3.8%，생육기농예성상무현저차이。본연구조건하，장생07곡자획득최고산량적밀도여시비조합위류묘밀도22.5만주/hm2、시담（N）량375 kg/hm2、시린（P2O5）량375 kg/hm2、시갑（K2O）량150 kg/hm2，산량체도4933.5 kg/hm2。
In order t o find the optimum planting density and amount of fertilization on millet, using Changsheng 07 as the test material. Explore the effect of different density and fertilization rate on the millet disease,logging,growth dates traits,yield and yield components of millet variety Changsheng 07 with L9 (34) orthogonal design.The results showed that there were no significant differences on lodging resistance, spike diameter and spike weight in different fertilizer rate. Spike length was significantly better in low than intermediate potassium oxide. 1 000 grain weight sig nificantly reduced w it h the increasing of nitrogen rate. Lodging resistance was significantly better in low density than medium density. Spike length and spike diameter were similar in the low and intermediate density,which were significantly higher than that of high density. Spike weight and yield signif icantly reduced with the increasin g of density. The density and fertilizer rate had no si gn ifican t effects on the growth dates traits,the white millet disease incidence rates are 1.6%-3.8%. Under this experimental condition, th e best combination of density and fertilization of Changsh eng 07 for high yield was density of 22.5í104 plants/hm2,375 kg/hm2 nitrogen, 375 kg/hm2 phosphorus , 150 kg/hm2 potassium, in which the yield reached 4 933.5 kg/hm2.