CAJ | 학술논문

高速工况下，外加气动载荷导致汽车密封性能下降，振动与噪声加剧。为研究高速流固耦合效应下车窗密封性能，必须建立车窗系统模型。然而，由于车窗密封采用超弹性橡胶材料，且具有非规则几何截面，同时密封系统与车窗玻璃还存在复杂的接触作用，因此建立车窗系统约束模型较为困难，导致进一步的整体车窗密封系统分析、优化难以实现。从功能等效原理出发，计入玻璃厚度，基于密封条唇边压缩负荷试验数据，将分步实测的单侧唇边压缩负荷合成为具有等价同步作用的双侧压缩负荷，并拟合为非线性刚度，以此将导槽-玻璃复杂作用等效为变刚度弹性密封约束。以某车型前窗为例，基于该方法建立车窗系统模型，并计算其受集中载荷作用的玻璃位移。定量分析结果与静结构试验数据符合良好，表明基于非线性刚度拟合的车窗系统建模的有效性，可支持面向高速工况的密封优化设计。
고속공황하，외가기동재하도치기차밀봉성능하강，진동여조성가극。위연구고속류고우합효응하차창밀봉성능，필수건립차창계통모형。연이，유우차창밀봉채용초탄성상효재료，차구유비규칙궤하절면，동시밀봉계통여차창파리환존재복잡적접촉작용，인차건립차창계통약속모형교위곤난，도치진일보적정체차창밀봉계통분석、우화난이실현。종공능등효원리출발，계입파리후도，기우밀봉조진변압축부하시험수거，장분보실측적단측진변압축부하합성위구유등개동보작용적쌍측압축부하，병의합위비선성강도，이차장도조-파리복잡작용등효위변강도탄성밀봉약속。이모차형전창위례，기우해방법건립차창계통모형，병계산기수집중재하작용적파리위이。정량분석결과여정결구시험수거부합량호，표명기우비선성강도의합적차창계통건모적유효성，가지지면향고속공황적밀봉우화설계。
Under high speed mode, external aerodynamic load of cars leads to vibration, noise and poor sealing performance. It is necessary to establish the model of windows in order to study the sealing performance considering fluid-solid coupling effect. However, it is difficult to build the constraint model of windows, which obstructs the analysis and optimization of the window sealing system due to the hyper-elastic character of material and non-uniform geometrical cross-section, as well as the complicated contacting relationship between seals and the glass. According to principle of functional equivalence, the effect of channel guide-glass is equivalent to variable stiffness elastic constraint. On the basis of compression load deflection (CLD) tests, the CLD of unilateral lips is synthetized together to represent the bilateral sealing effect, considering the thickness of glasses. Using car’s front window as an example, its window sealing model is established based on the proposed method and the deflection under concentrated load is calculated. The results of quantitative analysis agree with that of static structure experiments well, which shows the effectiveness of window model based on nonlinear stiffness fitting. It can support sealing optimization design for high speed condition.