CAJ | 학술논문

振动焊接工艺能有效细化接头组织晶粒，降低残余应力，提高焊接质量。为了研究振动焊接工艺在激光焊接方面的应用，选用316不锈钢作为试验材料，利用机械振动辅助激光焊接的工艺方法，通过改变机械振动参数和焊接速度，利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察焊后接头组织，对比分析不同振动频率和焊接速度下接头的微观组织形貌。结果表明，机械振动可以细化焊后组织中形成的柱状晶，使柱状枝晶破碎且向不同方向生长，晶轴间与焊缝中心处的等轴晶增加。提高焊接速度后，振动的加入能够细化焊缝区出现的粗大柱状晶。同时，振动可以减少焊后在奥氏体基体晶界处形成的网状高温铁素体和点状碳化物，使其趋于弥散。试验还对焊接接头进行显微硬度测试，发现振动焊接下得到的焊缝区接头组织硬度较高，且较高共振频率下硬度增加明显。
진동한접공예능유효세화접두조직정립，강저잔여응력，제고한접질량。위료연구진동한접공예재격광한접방면적응용，선용316불수강작위시험재료，이용궤계진동보조격광한접적공예방법，통과개변궤계진동삼수화한접속도，이용광학현미경화소묘전경관찰한후접두조직，대비분석불동진동빈솔화한접속도하접두적미관조직형모。결과표명，궤계진동가이세화한후조직중형성적주상정，사주상지정파쇄차향불동방향생장，정축간여한봉중심처적등축정증가。제고한접속도후，진동적가입능구세화한봉구출현적조대주상정。동시，진동가이감소한후재오씨체기체정계처형성적망상고온철소체화점상탄화물，사기추우미산。시험환대한접접두진행현미경도측시，발현진동한접하득도적한봉구접두조직경도교고，차교고공진빈솔하경도증가명현。
The welding quality of welded joints can be improved effectively with vibratory welding process. To study the application of vibratory welding process on laser welding, 316 stainless steel is selected for the laser-vibration welding experiments. According to changing the vibration parameters and welding speeds, the microstructures of welded joints are observed with optical and scanning electron microscope, and are analyzed by contrast in different welding speeds and vibration frequencies. The results show that the columnar dendrites formed after welding are refined. The equiaxed dendrites in the center of weld bead and between the crystal axes are increasing. Meanwhile, the net-likeσ-Fe and the dot-like carbides on the grain boundary of austenitic substrate are reduced and more diffuse with the mechanical vibration. In addition, microhardness test of the welded joints is conducted. The hardness of weld bead is higher with vibratory welding than that without vibration. It can also be found that the hardness is dramatically increased at a high resonance frequency.