CAJ | 학술논문

将以规模化养猪场的猪粪为原料发酵产生的沼液做追肥在白菜生长期施用，试验设沼液施用量0.45×105 kg/hm2、0.90×105 kg/hm2、1.35×105 kg/hm2和1.80×105 kg/hm2共4个处理，以追施氮肥为对照处理（HF），以不施肥为空白对照（CK），研究了沼液不同施用量对白菜及土壤中重金属含量的影响。结果表明：追施沼液较不施肥处理显著增加白菜生物产量，但沼液追施量≥1.35×105 kg/hm2时其肥效才≥传统追施化肥处理。追施沼液处理的白菜镉、铜和锌含量水平跃追施化肥和不施肥处理，且随沼液施用量的增加而显著升高，但沼液施用量较低（0.45×105 kg/hm2）时对白菜中镉和铜的含量影响不显著；追施沼液处理的白菜铬和砷含量水平显著约不施肥处理，但与追施化肥处理差异不显著。追施沼液处理的土壤全量镉、铬、铜、锌和砷含量以及有效铬、锌、砷含量与不施肥和追施氮肥处理差异均不显著，但高的沼液施用量（1.80×105 kg/hm2）可显著降低土壤有效镉含量、增加有效铜含量。虽然追施沼液能不同程度地增加白菜镉、铜和锌的含量水平，但均远低于国家食品卫生标准规定的限量范围，且追施沼液对土壤中全量和有效态重金属含量也无显著影响，因此，追施沼液不会对白菜和土壤造成重金属污染风险。
장이규모화양저장적저분위원료발효산생적소액주추비재백채생장기시용，시험설소액시용량0.45×105 kg/hm2、0.90×105 kg/hm2、1.35×105 kg/hm2화1.80×105 kg/hm2공4개처리，이추시담비위대조처리（HF），이불시비위공백대조（CK），연구료소액불동시용량대백채급토양중중금속함량적영향。결과표명：추시소액교불시비처리현저증가백채생물산량，단소액추시량≥1.35×105 kg/hm2시기비효재≥전통추시화비처리。추시소액처리적백채력、동화자함량수평약추시화비화불시비처리，차수소액시용량적증가이현저승고，단소액시용량교저（0.45×105 kg/hm2）시대백채중력화동적함량영향불현저；추시소액처리적백채락화신함량수평현저약불시비처리，단여추시화비처리차이불현저。추시소액처리적토양전량력、락、동、자화신함량이급유효락、자、신함량여불시비화추시담비처리차이균불현저，단고적소액시용량（1.80×105 kg/hm2）가현저강저토양유효력함량、증가유효동함량。수연추시소액능불동정도지증가백채력、동화자적함량수평，단균원저우국가식품위생표준규정적한량범위，차추시소액대토양중전량화유효태중금속함량야무현저영향，인차，추시소액불회대백채화토양조성중금속오염풍험。
This article studied the effects of the heavy metal contents in chinese cabbage and soil with different application amount of biogas slurry, which was made from pig manure of a large-scale pigging, the amount of biogas slurry were 0.45í105 kg/hm2,0.90í105 kg/hm2,1.35í105 kg/hm2 and 1.80í105 kg/hm2, respectively, topdressing nitrogenous fertilizer (HF) and no fertilization (CK) were used as controls.The results showed that topdressing biogas slurry could significantly increase the biomass yield of chinese cabbage,but the fertilizer efficiency would equal to that of the traditional application of chemical fertilizer or be more than it,only when application of biogas slurry was higher or equal to 1.35í105 kg/hm2.It could significantly increase the contents of Cd,Cu and Zn of chinese cabbage by applicating biogas slurry in a traditional consumption and above,compared with those use chemical fertilizer and non-chemical fertilizer, the heavy metal contents of chinese cabbage increased linearly with the increase of amount of biogas slurry.Compared with non-fertilizer,the chinese cabbage have much less contents of Cr and As,it has no significantly comparing with the chemical fertilizer.The total Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn contents and available Cr, Zn, As contents in soil on topdressing biogas slurry had no significant differences with that of HF and CK, but topdressing high anount of biogas slurry (1.80í105 kg/hm2) could significantly decrease availa ble Cd content and increase available Cu content.Though topdressing biogas slurry could increase the contents of Cd,Cu and Zn of chinese cabbage in different degrees,it was still below the limit scope of National Standards of Food Hygiene,and it has no signification difference on total and available heavy metal content of soil comparing with the chemical fertilizer. As a result, topdressing biogas slurry would not risk heavy metal pollution to chinese cabbage and soil.