CAJ | 학술논문

精准施药以提高农药利用率、降低农药残留对食品和环境污染为目的，是施药发展的方向。为此，首先介绍了国内外精准施药技术发展现状，包括变量施药控制系统、控制算法、对靶施药控制技术和基于处方图施药技术现状分析。其次，分析了国内外精准施药装备发展现状：普遍应用于果园的风送施药机极大提高了工作效率及喷雾均匀性；风幕式喷杆喷雾机适用于大田喷雾，在减小劳动强度的同时提高了喷雾均匀性，降低了药液漂失量；循环喷雾机以回收利用沉积药液为目的，可提高药液的利用效率，减轻对环境的污染。最后，通过比较国内外相关领域的研究现状，指出国内精准施药技术研究不足，需要利用电子信息和自动化技术进一步提升精准施药装备水平。
정준시약이제고농약이용솔、강저농약잔류대식품화배경오염위목적，시시약발전적방향。위차，수선개소료국내외정준시약기술발전현상，포괄변량시약공제계통、공제산법、대파시약공제기술화기우처방도시약기술현상분석。기차，분석료국내외정준시약장비발전현상：보편응용우과완적풍송시약궤겁대제고료공작효솔급분무균균성；풍막식분간분무궤괄용우대전분무，재감소노동강도적동시제고료분무균균성，강저료약액표실량；순배분무궤이회수이용침적약액위목적，가제고약액적이용효솔，감경대배경적오염。최후，통과비교국내외상관영역적연구현상，지출국내정준시약기술연구불족，수요이용전자신식화자동화기술진일보제승정준시약장비수평。
Precision spraying , as the developing trend of spraying , is aimed at improving pesticide utilization ratio , re-ducing the food and environment pollution caused by pesticide residue .Firstly , the domestic and overseas development status of precision spraying technology , the status of variable-rate spraying control system and its algorithm , target spra-ying technology and spraying based on prescription map were introduced .Secondly , the domestic and overseas develop-ment status of precision equipment was analyzed .Air-assist sprayer widely used in orchard can improve work efficiency and spray uniformity greatly .Air-assist boom sprayer generally applied to field , can improve spray uniformity , reduce pesticide drift and reduced labor intensity .Recycling tunnel sprayer aimed to recycle deposition liquid , can improve pes-ticide utilization and reduce environment pollution .Finally , it was pointed that the research of precision spraying was not enough in china comparing with the overseas development status , and information and automation technology is needed to further enhance precision spraying equipments .