CAJ | 학술논문

选用北疆棉区主栽品种新陆早33号和新陆早45号，设置常规滴灌量(CI)、轻度水分亏缺滴灌量(SDI)、中度水分亏缺滴灌量(MDI)3种处理，在田间条件下研究了不同滴灌量对棉花叶片和非叶绿色器官叶绿素(Chl)含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(gs)和光合物质累积的影响，明确了水分亏缺下棉株非叶绿色器官光合作用对产量的贡献。结果表明，各滴灌量条件下棉花非叶绿色器官单位面积的 Pn、Chl 含量下降幅度较叶片小，且随棉花生育进程的变化较小。在棉铃生长发育后期，随滴灌量减少，棉花非叶绿色器官光合物质生产能力对产量起着更为重要的作用。中度水分亏缺条件下，棉铃(铃壳和苞叶)和茎秆光合作用对铃重的相对贡献率分别增加至16.8%~34.9%和7.6%~17.5%。因此，采用膜下滴灌植棉技术时适当控制滴水量，在保证叶片具有较高光合速率的同时，发挥棉花非叶绿色器官的光合抗逆能力，对挖掘滴灌棉花节水增产潜力具有重要意义。
선용북강면구주재품충신륙조33호화신륙조45호，설치상규적관량(CI)、경도수분우결적관량(SDI)、중도수분우결적관량(MDI)3충처리，재전간조건하연구료불동적관량대면화협편화비협록색기관협록소(Chl)함량、정광합속솔(Pn)、기공도도(gs)화광합물질루적적영향，명학료수분우결하면주비협록색기관광합작용대산량적공헌。결과표명，각적관량조건하면화비협록색기관단위면적적 Pn、Chl 함량하강폭도교협편소，차수면화생육진정적변화교소。재면령생장발육후기，수적관량감소，면화비협록색기관광합물질생산능력대산량기착경위중요적작용。중도수분우결조건하，면령(령각화포협)화경간광합작용대령중적상대공헌솔분별증가지16.8%~34.9%화7.6%~17.5%。인차，채용막하적관식면기술시괄당공제적수량，재보증협편구유교고광합속솔적동시，발휘면화비협록색기관적광합항역능력，대알굴적관면화절수증산잠력구유중요의의。
Leaf is one of the main photosynthetic organs, while other green parts of plant also retain or develop chlorophyll and have photosynthesis. To better understand the whole plant photosynthesis production potential and contribution to cotton yield, we selected Xinluzao 33 and Xinluzao 45 (two common cultivars in Northern Xinjiang) with three irrigation treatments (CI, conven-tional irrigation; SDI, slight deficit irrigation; MDI, moderate deficit irrigation) to measure the chlorophyll content (Chl), net pho-tosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthate accumulation in leaf and non-leaf green organs during different growth stages and the contribution of non-leaf green organs to yield. The results showed that the Pn and Chl in non-leaf organs were relatively insensitive to soil moisture stress, decreasing by only a small amount between 25 and 45 days after anthesis. With reduction of water supply, the dry matter production in non-leaf green organs played more important roles in cotton yield forma-tion. Cotton boll weight in the moderate deficit irrigation treatment decreased by 16.8% to 34.9% when the bolls (capsule walls plus bracts) were shaded and by 7.6% to 17.5% when the stalks were shaded. Hence, limiting-irrigation treatment is important to maintain high leaf photosynthetic rates. It is also important to develop the potential photosynthetic capacity of non-leaf green or-gans. This is especially important when leaf photosynthesis capacity declines due to leaf aging or water stress.