CAJ | 학술논문

优质弱筋专用小麦品种宁麦9号是江苏淮南麦区小麦育种的重要亲本，以其为亲本已育成15个新品种。研究宁麦9号遗传信息的传递特点及蛋白质含量的数量性状位点，对进一步利用其进行优质弱筋小麦育种具有重要意义。以宁麦9号及其117个衍生品种(系)为材料，利用覆盖小麦全基因组的185对 SSR 引物对其进行基因组扫描，解析宁麦9号遗传信息在其衍生品种(系)中的分布特点，同时于2009—2010、2010—2011连续2个生长季测定宁麦9号及其衍生品种(系)的籽粒及面粉蛋白质含量，应用全基因组关联作图发掘与其相关联的分子标记位点。结果显示，宁麦9号与其衍生品种(系)的遗传相似系数为0.55~0.88；在 Neighbor-Joining 聚类图中，大部分衍生一代品种首先与宁麦9号聚类，其次是衍生二代，衍生一代品种扬辐麦4号最后聚类。宁麦9号与其衍生一代和衍生二代相同等位变异频率分别为75.60%和67.81%。籽粒及面粉蛋白含量在宁麦9号衍生品种(系)中均呈现较大变异，变异系数为5.07%~7.28%。共检测到6个与籽粒蛋白质含量关联的标记位点，其中3个连续两年均检测到；面粉蛋白质含量共有5个关联位点，其中2个连续两年检测到，包括1个同时与籽粒和面粉蛋白质含量关联。在这4个稳定的关联位点中， Xgwm539、Xwmc397和 Xwmc468对籽粒及面粉蛋白质含量起负向调控作用，可以降低籽粒或面粉蛋白质含量。
우질약근전용소맥품충저맥9호시강소회남맥구소맥육충적중요친본，이기위친본이육성15개신품충。연구저맥9호유전신식적전체특점급단백질함량적수량성상위점，대진일보이용기진행우질약근소맥육충구유중요의의。이저맥9호급기117개연생품충(계)위재료，이용복개소맥전기인조적185대 SSR 인물대기진행기인조소묘，해석저맥9호유전신식재기연생품충(계)중적분포특점，동시우2009—2010、2010—2011련속2개생장계측정저맥9호급기연생품충(계)적자립급면분단백질함량，응용전기인조관련작도발굴여기상관련적분자표기위점。결과현시，저맥9호여기연생품충(계)적유전상사계수위0.55~0.88；재 Neighbor-Joining 취류도중，대부분연생일대품충수선여저맥9호취류，기차시연생이대，연생일대품충양복맥4호최후취류。저맥9호여기연생일대화연생이대상동등위변이빈솔분별위75.60%화67.81%。자립급면분단백함량재저맥9호연생품충(계)중균정현교대변이，변이계수위5.07%~7.28%。공검측도6개여자립단백질함량관련적표기위점，기중3개련속량년균검측도；면분단백질함량공유5개관련위점，기중2개련속량년검측도，포괄1개동시여자립화면분단백질함량관련。재저4개은정적관련위점중， Xgwm539、Xwmc397화 Xwmc468대자립급면분단백질함량기부향조공작용，가이강저자립혹면분단백질함량。
Ningmai 9 is an elite weak gluten wheat cultivar and an important breeding parent in the southern area of Huai River Valley. To date, 15 new cultivars have been developed and released from Ningmai 9. This study aimed at dissecting the genetic mechanism and inheritance of protein content in Ningmai 9 and its derivatives. The kernel protein content (KPC) and flour protein content (FPC) of Ningmai 9 and its 117 derivatives were evaluated in the 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 growing seasons and the QTLs associated with KPC and FPC were identified by whole genomes screening with 185 SSR markers. The genetic similarity index ranged from 0.55 to 0.88 among Ningmai 9 and its derivatives. In the Neighbor-Joining cluster tree, Ningmai 9 was clus-tered with most first-generation lines first, then with the second-generation lines, and Yangfumai 4 of first-generation derivative was the last one to incorporate in. The first- and second-generation derivatives inherited 75.60% and 67.81% of Ningmai 9 alleles, respectively. Great variations of KPC and FPC were observed in the Ningmai 9 derived lines with the variation coefficients rang-ing from 5.07% to 7.28%. Six and five QTLs were identified to be associated with KPC and FPC, of which three and two were stably detected in both years, respectively. One QTL was associated with both KPC and FPC. Three stable QTLs, Xgwm539, Xwmc397, and Xwmc468, had negative effects on KPC or FPC in Ningmai 9 and might be used for quality improvement in weak-gluten wheat breeding.