作物学报
作物學報
작물학보
Acta Agronomica Sinica
2015年
12期
1791-1801
,共11页
马军韬%张国民%辛爱华%张丽艳%邓凌韦%王永力%王英%任洋%宫秀杰%葛选良%杨秀峰
馬軍韜%張國民%辛愛華%張麗豔%鄧凌韋%王永力%王英%任洋%宮秀傑%葛選良%楊秀峰
마군도%장국민%신애화%장려염%산릉위%왕영력%왕영%임양%궁수걸%갈선량%양수봉
遗传背景%稻瘟病菌%致病性%水稻单基因系%基因聚合
遺傳揹景%稻瘟病菌%緻病性%水稻單基因繫%基因聚閤
유전배경%도온병균%치병성%수도단기인계%기인취합
Genetic background%Pyricularia oryzae%Pathogenicity%Monogenic rice lines%Gene pyramiding
稻瘟病是黑龙江省水稻生产中的主要病害之一,造成重大产量损失。本文为明确不同遗传背景下4个稻瘟病菌株群致病性及其寄主品种的抗性改良情况,以中国鉴别品种、日本清泽鉴别品种、水稻单基因系品种和当地水稻品种为鉴定体系,以各群菌株为研究靶标,通过喷雾接种方式,结合联合抗病性和基因聚合方式完成改良分析得出下列结论：(1)在中国鉴别品种体系下,源自空育131、垦稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分别被划分为10个、6个、6个和9个生理小种,源自哈9811的菌株的优势小种为 ZF1,其他3个类群菌株的优势小种均为 ZG1。(2)在日本清泽鉴别品种体系下,源自空育131、垦稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分别被划分为19个、11个、13个和14个生理小种,其致病率平均值分别为54.17%、46.21%、41.67%和59.90%。(3)在水稻单基因系品种体系下,源自空育131、垦稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分别被划分为20个、11个、12个和16个致病型,其致病性相似系数分别介于0.20~0.87、0.25~0.90、0.25~1.00和0.31~0.88。(4)在当地水稻品种体系下,源自空育131、垦稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分别被划分为12个、7个、9个和13个致病型,其最佳抗性品种分别为龙盾104、松粳6号、松粳9号和龙稻7号。(5)从抗性改良角度分析,应用联合抗病性方式,其联合抗病性系数和联合致病性系数平均值分别介于0.71~0.92和0~0.08,效果较好；应用基因聚合方式,对源自空育131、垦稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株表现免疫的基因组合分别有2个、2个、5个和7个。综合分析,以水稻单基因系品种为体系进行稻瘟病菌株致病性分析效果较好；2种抗性改良方式效果都较好,但也各有利弊。
稻瘟病是黑龍江省水稻生產中的主要病害之一,造成重大產量損失。本文為明確不同遺傳揹景下4箇稻瘟病菌株群緻病性及其寄主品種的抗性改良情況,以中國鑒彆品種、日本清澤鑒彆品種、水稻單基因繫品種和噹地水稻品種為鑒定體繫,以各群菌株為研究靶標,通過噴霧接種方式,結閤聯閤抗病性和基因聚閤方式完成改良分析得齣下列結論：(1)在中國鑒彆品種體繫下,源自空育131、墾稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分彆被劃分為10箇、6箇、6箇和9箇生理小種,源自哈9811的菌株的優勢小種為 ZF1,其他3箇類群菌株的優勢小種均為 ZG1。(2)在日本清澤鑒彆品種體繫下,源自空育131、墾稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分彆被劃分為19箇、11箇、13箇和14箇生理小種,其緻病率平均值分彆為54.17%、46.21%、41.67%和59.90%。(3)在水稻單基因繫品種體繫下,源自空育131、墾稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分彆被劃分為20箇、11箇、12箇和16箇緻病型,其緻病性相似繫數分彆介于0.20~0.87、0.25~0.90、0.25~1.00和0.31~0.88。(4)在噹地水稻品種體繫下,源自空育131、墾稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株分彆被劃分為12箇、7箇、9箇和13箇緻病型,其最佳抗性品種分彆為龍盾104、鬆粳6號、鬆粳9號和龍稻7號。(5)從抗性改良角度分析,應用聯閤抗病性方式,其聯閤抗病性繫數和聯閤緻病性繫數平均值分彆介于0.71~0.92和0~0.08,效果較好；應用基因聚閤方式,對源自空育131、墾稻12、上育397和哈9811的菌株錶現免疫的基因組閤分彆有2箇、2箇、5箇和7箇。綜閤分析,以水稻單基因繫品種為體繫進行稻瘟病菌株緻病性分析效果較好；2種抗性改良方式效果都較好,但也各有利弊。
도온병시흑룡강성수도생산중적주요병해지일,조성중대산량손실。본문위명학불동유전배경하4개도온병균주군치병성급기기주품충적항성개량정황,이중국감별품충、일본청택감별품충、수도단기인계품충화당지수도품충위감정체계,이각군균주위연구파표,통과분무접충방식,결합연합항병성화기인취합방식완성개량분석득출하렬결론：(1)재중국감별품충체계하,원자공육131、은도12、상육397화합9811적균주분별피화분위10개、6개、6개화9개생리소충,원자합9811적균주적우세소충위 ZF1,기타3개류군균주적우세소충균위 ZG1。(2)재일본청택감별품충체계하,원자공육131、은도12、상육397화합9811적균주분별피화분위19개、11개、13개화14개생리소충,기치병솔평균치분별위54.17%、46.21%、41.67%화59.90%。(3)재수도단기인계품충체계하,원자공육131、은도12、상육397화합9811적균주분별피화분위20개、11개、12개화16개치병형,기치병성상사계수분별개우0.20~0.87、0.25~0.90、0.25~1.00화0.31~0.88。(4)재당지수도품충체계하,원자공육131、은도12、상육397화합9811적균주분별피화분위12개、7개、9개화13개치병형,기최가항성품충분별위룡순104、송갱6호、송갱9호화룡도7호。(5)종항성개량각도분석,응용연합항병성방식,기연합항병성계수화연합치병성계수평균치분별개우0.71~0.92화0~0.08,효과교호；응용기인취합방식,대원자공육131、은도12、상육397화합9811적균주표현면역적기인조합분별유2개、2개、5개화7개。종합분석,이수도단기인계품충위체계진행도온병균주치병성분석효과교호；2충항성개량방식효과도교호,단야각유리폐。
Rice blast is one of the most serious rice diseases in Heilongjiang province, resulting in high incidence and yield reduc-tion. In order to definite the pathogenicity of P. oryzae isolates and resistance improvement of nurse varieties under different ge-netic backgrounds, the experiment was conducted using four groups of Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae) isolates and rice varieties including Chinese differential varieties, Japanese differential varieties, monogenic rice lines and landrace. Using the method of spraying inoculation and associational resistance and gene pyramiding analyses, the main results were as follows: (1) Under the Chinese differential varieties system, the P. oryzae isolates from Kuiku 131, Kendao 12, Shangyu 397, and Ha 9811 were divided into ten, six, six, and nine physiological races respectively, and predominant physiological race of P. oryzae isolates from Ha 9811 was ZF1 while the predominant physiological races of the other three groups of P. oryzae isolates were all ZG1. (2) Under the Japanese differential varieties system, the P. oryzae isolates from Kuiku 131, Kendao 12, Shangyu 397, and Ha 9811 were divided into 19, 11, 13, and 14 physiological races respectively, furthermore, the average disease incidence was 54.17%, 46.21%, 41.67%, and 59.90%, respectively. (3) Under the monogenic rice lines system, the P. oryzae isolates from Kuiku 131, Kendao 12, Shangyu 397 and Ha 9811 were divided into 20, 11, 12, and 16 pathogenic types respectively, additionally, their similarity coefficient of pathogenicity was 0.20–0.87, 0.25–0.90, 0.25–1.00, and 0.31–0.88, respectively. (4) Under the landrace system, the P. oryzae isolates from Kuiku 131, Kendao 12, Shangyu 397, and Ha 9811 were divided intotwelve, sever, nine and thirteen pathogenic types respectively, with the best blast-resistance varieties of Longdun 104, Songjing 6, Songjing 9, and Longdao 7. (5) Using the method of associational resistance, the average associational resistance coefficient and associational pathogenicity coefficient were 0.71–0.92 and 0–0.08, respectively; Using the method of gene pyramiding, the number of immunity gene combination to the P. oryzae isolates from Kuiku 131, Kendao 12, Shangyu 397, and Ha 9811 were two, two, five and seven. In conclusion, using monogenic rice lines to research the pathogenicity of P. oryzae is better than using other appraisal systems. And good effects can be get from two resistance improvement methods, but both of them have their advantages and disadvantages.
