中国农村水利水电
中國農村水利水電
중국농촌수이수전
China Rural Water and Hydropower
2015年
11期
6-10
,共5页
郭晋川%黄凯%蔡德所%潘伟
郭晉川%黃凱%蔡德所%潘偉
곽진천%황개%채덕소%반위
糖料蔗%节水灌溉%生态效益%指标体系
糖料蔗%節水灌溉%生態效益%指標體繫
당료자%절수관개%생태효익%지표체계
sugarcane%water-saving irrigation%ecological benefit%index system
糖料蔗生产已发展成为广西经济的支柱产业，其种植面积、原料蔗产量和蔗糖总产量均占全国50％以上，高效节水灌溉是糖料蔗生产过程中增产和节水的有效措施。针对糖料蔗高效节水灌溉技术应用尚缺乏科学、有效、系统的生态效益评价方法的问题，采用层次分析法和德尔菲法，结合遥感调查和实地踏勘等，从糖料蔗生产、生态调节、资源利用三个一级指标入手，建立了一套包含糖料蔗产量及质量、水土保持和土壤改良、水资源节约和水质改善、微气候调节、生物多样性提高等在内的14个二级指标和33项观测指标的综合指标体系，确定了各指标的具体观测与评价方法。以江州区糖料蔗基地为例，定量评价了地埋滴灌、地表滴灌、管灌、喷灌等不同糖料蔗高效节水灌溉模式的生态效益及差异。评价结果可为促进广西糖料蔗产业的可持续发展与生态效益最大化提供科学依据。
糖料蔗生產已髮展成為廣西經濟的支柱產業，其種植麵積、原料蔗產量和蔗糖總產量均佔全國50％以上，高效節水灌溉是糖料蔗生產過程中增產和節水的有效措施。針對糖料蔗高效節水灌溉技術應用尚缺乏科學、有效、繫統的生態效益評價方法的問題，採用層次分析法和德爾菲法，結閤遙感調查和實地踏勘等，從糖料蔗生產、生態調節、資源利用三箇一級指標入手，建立瞭一套包含糖料蔗產量及質量、水土保持和土壤改良、水資源節約和水質改善、微氣候調節、生物多樣性提高等在內的14箇二級指標和33項觀測指標的綜閤指標體繫，確定瞭各指標的具體觀測與評價方法。以江州區糖料蔗基地為例，定量評價瞭地埋滴灌、地錶滴灌、管灌、噴灌等不同糖料蔗高效節水灌溉模式的生態效益及差異。評價結果可為促進廣西糖料蔗產業的可持續髮展與生態效益最大化提供科學依據。
당료자생산이발전성위엄서경제적지주산업，기충식면적、원료자산량화자당총산량균점전국50％이상，고효절수관개시당료자생산과정중증산화절수적유효조시。침대당료자고효절수관개기술응용상결핍과학、유효、계통적생태효익평개방법적문제，채용층차분석법화덕이비법，결합요감조사화실지답감등，종당료자생산、생태조절、자원이용삼개일급지표입수，건립료일투포함당료자산량급질량、수토보지화토양개량、수자원절약화수질개선、미기후조절、생물다양성제고등재내적14개이급지표화33항관측지표적종합지표체계，학정료각지표적구체관측여평개방법。이강주구당료자기지위례，정량평개료지매적관、지표적관、관관、분관등불동당료자고효절수관개모식적생태효익급차이。평개결과가위촉진엄서당료자산업적가지속발전여생태효익최대화제공과학의거。
Sugarcane production has become a pillar industry of Guangxi's economy .Its planting area ,sugarcane yield and total sugar yield accounts for more than half of those in the whole country .An efficient and water‐saving irrigation is an inevitable choice for in‐creasing the yield and saving water of sugarcane fields in Guangxi .There is a lack of scientific ,effective and systemic evaluation methods of ecological benefits in the application of efficient and water‐saving irrigation technology for sugarcane planting .Therefore , based on remote sensing and field survey ,Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process are used to establish a comprehensive index system ,which contains 14 second grade indicators and 33 observation indicators ,including the yield and the quality of sugarcane , soil conservation and improvement ,micro‐climate regulation ,and biodiversity enhancement .Specific observation and evaluation method of each index is determined .By taking Jiangzhou sugarcane base as an example ,the ecological benefit and difference between various modes of efficient and water‐saving irrigation ,such as surface drip irrigation ,pipe irrigation and sprinkling irrigation ,are e‐valuated .The evaluation result can provide a scientific basis for promoting the sustainable development and maximizing ecological benefits of Guangxi sugarcane industry .
