现代远程教育研究
現代遠程教育研究
현대원정교육연구
Modern Distance Education Research
2015年
6期
104-111
,共8页
姜强%赵蔚%刘红霞%李松
薑彊%趙蔚%劉紅霞%李鬆
강강%조위%류홍하%리송
能力模型%个性化学习%自适应学习%学习路径%绩效测评
能力模型%箇性化學習%自適應學習%學習路徑%績效測評
능력모형%개성화학습%자괄응학습%학습로경%적효측평
Competence Model%Personalized Learning%Adaptive Learning%Learning Path%Performance Evaluation
自适应学习系统是网络学习系统智能化的发展趋势,能有效解决传统课堂教学不能实现的个性化教育问题.然而当前常用的网络学习系统在学习资源、教学方法、学习进度方面尚不能有效满足学习者的个性差异.能力是个体差异中最为重要的一个因素.建立能够自动诊断学习者能力,为不同特性的学习者推送"最适合"的个性化学习路径,提供个性化学习服务的自适应学习系统非常重要.而实现此功能的关键在于能力模型的构建.能力模型的构建,需要能力描述规范和标准作为支撑,对能力元数据进行描述,实现能力的可观察、可操作性及可测量,制定能力发展服务的参考框架.能力导向的个性化学习服务,基于个性特征、知识水平及个人能力应用情境维度构建的能力模型,借助可测量、可观察的任务实现对能力的量化、评估,并最终实现学习路径的推荐.经具体学习任务验证,能力导向的个性化学习路径推荐有助于提高学习者学习效率,且可能扩展MOOC个性化学习,解决认知负载问题,促进网络有效学习.
自適應學習繫統是網絡學習繫統智能化的髮展趨勢,能有效解決傳統課堂教學不能實現的箇性化教育問題.然而噹前常用的網絡學習繫統在學習資源、教學方法、學習進度方麵尚不能有效滿足學習者的箇性差異.能力是箇體差異中最為重要的一箇因素.建立能夠自動診斷學習者能力,為不同特性的學習者推送"最適閤"的箇性化學習路徑,提供箇性化學習服務的自適應學習繫統非常重要.而實現此功能的關鍵在于能力模型的構建.能力模型的構建,需要能力描述規範和標準作為支撐,對能力元數據進行描述,實現能力的可觀察、可操作性及可測量,製定能力髮展服務的參攷框架.能力導嚮的箇性化學習服務,基于箇性特徵、知識水平及箇人能力應用情境維度構建的能力模型,藉助可測量、可觀察的任務實現對能力的量化、評估,併最終實現學習路徑的推薦.經具體學習任務驗證,能力導嚮的箇性化學習路徑推薦有助于提高學習者學習效率,且可能擴展MOOC箇性化學習,解決認知負載問題,促進網絡有效學習.
자괄응학습계통시망락학습계통지능화적발전추세,능유효해결전통과당교학불능실현적개성화교육문제.연이당전상용적망락학습계통재학습자원、교학방법、학습진도방면상불능유효만족학습자적개성차이.능력시개체차이중최위중요적일개인소.건립능구자동진단학습자능력,위불동특성적학습자추송"최괄합"적개성화학습로경,제공개성화학습복무적자괄응학습계통비상중요.이실현차공능적관건재우능력모형적구건.능력모형적구건,수요능력묘술규범화표준작위지탱,대능력원수거진행묘술,실현능력적가관찰、가조작성급가측량,제정능력발전복무적삼고광가.능력도향적개성화학습복무,기우개성특정、지식수평급개인능력응용정경유도구건적능력모형,차조가측량、가관찰적임무실현대능력적양화、평고,병최종실현학습로경적추천.경구체학습임무험증,능력도향적개성화학습로경추천유조우제고학습자학습효솔,차가능확전MOOC개성화학습,해결인지부재문제,촉진망락유효학습.
Adaptive learning system, a development trend of intelligent network learning system, may efficiently realize the personalized education which can't be achieved in the traditional classroom teaching. However, some learning systems used currently can't cater for learners' individual differences in learning resources, teaching methods and learning progresses. Since competence is one of the main factors in individual differences, it is very important to construct a personalized adaptive learning system for diagnosing learners' competence automatically and pushing the best personalized learning path for different learners. To set up a competence model, the competence metadata should be described to make competence can be observed, operated and measured, according to the description specifications and standards of competence, and then the reference framework for competence development should be constructed. Based on this competence model constructed from personality traits, knowledge level and personal competence application situation, the competence-oriented personalized learning quantifies and evaluates competence through measurable and observable tasks, and finally put forward personalized learning path. It has been verified by specific learning tasks that competence-oriented personalized learning path can improve learning efficiency, extend personalized MOOC, resolve the problem of cognitive load and promote effective network learning.
