CAJ | 학술논문

MOOCs具有的"大规模"属性,打破了学习的时空限制,其自主性、多样性、技术性和开放性的特征,为实现个性化学习开辟了新途径.目前MOOCs距离个性化学习还有多远,这个问题影响到MOOCs的可持续发展.依据国际上对网络环境下学习者个性化学习研究的成熟方法,选择具有全球影响力的MOOCs平台,对国内外MOOCs个性化学习建设进行对比分析,其基本结论是我国MOOCs发展现状与支持个性化学习的要求是有明显距离的.因此,实现MOOCs的大规模和个性化统一,需要在以下五个方面有所突破和创新:一是优化学习资源设计,增加学习资源的丰富性、多样性和设计合理化;二是加强学习终端自适应内容建设,支持学习者多种学习方式和学习活动;三是优化学习活动设计,增加实践活动设计;四是完善学习评价制度,尤其应优化对学习者的过程性评价;五是创新自适应平台系统建设,开发智能系统具有迫切性和实用性.
MOOCs구유적"대규모"속성,타파료학습적시공한제,기자주성、다양성、기술성화개방성적특정,위실현개성화학습개벽료신도경.목전MOOCs거리개성화학습환유다원,저개문제영향도MOOCs적가지속발전.의거국제상대망락배경하학습자개성화학습연구적성숙방법,선택구유전구영향력적MOOCs평태,대국내외MOOCs개성화학습건설진행대비분석,기기본결론시아국MOOCs발전현상여지지개성화학습적요구시유명현거리적.인차,실현MOOCs적대규모화개성화통일,수요재이하오개방면유소돌파화창신:일시우화학습자원설계,증가학습자원적봉부성、다양성화설계합이화;이시가강학습종단자괄응내용건설,지지학습자다충학습방식화학습활동;삼시우화학습활동설계,증가실천활동설계;사시완선학습평개제도,우기응우화대학습자적과정성평개;오시창신자괄응평태계통건설,개발지능계통구유박절성화실용성.
MOOCs breaks time and space constrains of learning due to its large-scale implementation. And its autonomy, diversity, high-tech and openness provide a new way for personalized learning. Thus, the gap between MOOCs and personalized learning is crucial for the sustainable development of MOOCs. In this paper, we selected several international well-known platforms of MOOCs from China and other countries, and compared the personalized learning features of these platforms by using scientific methods with which international researchers often analyze online learners' personalized learning. The comparison shows that, there is a significant gap between the state quo of MOOCs and the requirement of supporting personalized learning in China. We therefore argue that five aspects need to be improved for the unity of large-scale implementation and personalization in MOOCs. First, instructional designers should optimize the design of learning resources, and increase the variety and diversity of the learning resources as well as their appropriate designs. Second, designers should enhance the construction of adaptive content in the learning terminals by supporting multiple learning styles and activities of learners. Third, designers should optimize the design and learning activities by adding practical activities. Fourth, designers should perfect the learning evaluation systems, especially the formative evaluation. Fifth, designers should create new adaptive platforms by developing intelligent systems in a timely manner and with practical values.