CAJ | 학술논문

利用ERA-interim再分析资料和全国824个气象基准站的日降水资料，统计分析了1983年1月1日～2012年12月31日发生在四川盆地的低涡天气过程及其降水特征，结果表明：盆地涡初生位置主要位于盆地的西南部和东北部，盆地涡夏季出现最多，冬季出现最少，其中初生位置位于盆地西南部的低涡7月出现最多，12月和1月出现最少；位于东北部的低涡6月出现最多，1月出现最少；盆地涡具有明显的日变化，西南型盆地涡3～10月夜晚发生概率均大于白天，其他月份低涡夜发性不明显，而东北型盆地涡只在5～9月期间夜晚发生概率大于白天，其他月份低涡夜发性不明显；盆地涡生命史与对流程度具有相关性，对流发展有利于盆地涡长时间维持，然而，夏季西南型盆地涡即使对流没向上发展也能长时间维持；盆地涡夏季移出最多，尤其以7、8月最明显，冬季移出最少，7月前以偏东路径为主，7月后以东北路径为主；盆地涡频数的月际变化与川西高原西南涡源地的风场扰动移出有密切联系，九龙地区夏季风场扰动移出活跃，冬季移出不活跃。小金地区春季风场扰动移出活跃，冬季移出不活跃。九龙地区风场扰动移出对盆地涡频数的月际变化贡献明显，小金地区风场扰动移出对盆地涡频数的月际变化贡献不明显；夏半年（5～10月）西南型盆地涡和东北型盆地涡引起的日降水区域分布的月际变化特征不同，前者的日降水最大值中心随月份先由盆地东北部向西南部移动，之后再由盆地西南部向东北部折回，后者的日降水最大值中心会一直稳定维持在盆地的东北部达州地区。东北型盆地涡虽然出现频次低，但各月的日降水强度要远大于西南型盆地涡。
이용ERA-interim재분석자료화전국824개기상기준참적일강수자료，통계분석료1983년1월1일～2012년12월31일발생재사천분지적저와천기과정급기강수특정，결과표명：분지와초생위치주요위우분지적서남부화동북부，분지와하계출현최다，동계출현최소，기중초생위치위우분지서남부적저와7월출현최다，12월화1월출현최소；위우동북부적저와6월출현최다，1월출현최소；분지와구유명현적일변화，서남형분지와3～10월야만발생개솔균대우백천，기타월빈저와야발성불명현，이동북형분지와지재5～9월기간야만발생개솔대우백천，기타월빈저와야발성불명현；분지와생명사여대류정도구유상관성，대류발전유리우분지와장시간유지，연이，하계서남형분지와즉사대류몰향상발전야능장시간유지；분지와하계이출최다，우기이7、8월최명현，동계이출최소，7월전이편동로경위주，7월후이동북로경위주；분지와빈수적월제변화여천서고원서남와원지적풍장우동이출유밀절련계，구룡지구하계풍장우동이출활약，동계이출불활약。소금지구춘계풍장우동이출활약，동계이출불활약。구룡지구풍장우동이출대분지와빈수적월제변화공헌명현，소금지구풍장우동이출대분지와빈수적월제변화공헌불명현；하반년（5～10월）서남형분지와화동북형분지와인기적일강수구역분포적월제변화특정불동，전자적일강수최대치중심수월빈선유분지동북부향서남부이동，지후재유분지서남부향동북부절회，후자적일강수최대치중심회일직은정유지재분지적동북부체주지구。동북형분지와수연출현빈차저，단각월적일강수강도요원대우서남형분지와。
Based on ERA-interim reanalysis data and the daily meteorological precipitation data from 824 observation stations in China, we quantify and analyze the weather processes and the characteristics of precipitation contributed by the Sichuan Basin vortex during 1 January 1983 to 31 December 2012. The results suggest that the vortex usually occurs in the southwest or the northeast of the Sichuan Basin, which are referred to as southwest-type and northeast-type vortices, respectively. The vortex occurs most frequently in summer and least frequently in winter. The southwest-type vortex occurs most frequently in July and least frequently in January and December, while the northeast-type occurs most frequently in June and least frequently in January. The frequency of the vortex varies significantly in terms of its timing throughout the day;the southwest-type occurs more frequently at night than during daytime from March to October, while the northeast-type has the same pattern but from April to September. There is a significant correlation between the lifespan of the vortex and its convection;however, the southwest-type is still able to maintain even if the convection is not reinforced. The vortex moves out of the Sichuan Basin most frequently in summer and least frequently in winter;moreover, it advances on an eastward path before July and a northeastward path after July. There is a significant correlation between the frequency of the vortex and wind disturbance in the cradle land of the southwest-type vortex;the wind disturbance in the Jiulong region moves out of the cradle land actively in summer but less actively in winter, while in the Xiaojin region it moves out of the cradle land actively in spring and less actively in winter. The wind disturbance in the Jiulong region contributes more to the frequency of the vortex than it does in the Xiaojin region. The daily precipitation distribution contributed by each type is different during May to October;the maximum precipitation area of the northeast-type remains stationary while the southwest-type moves regularly. Although the northeast-type occurs less frequently, it brings more daily precipitation than the southwest-type.