土壤与作物
土壤與作物
토양여작물
Soil and Crop
2015年
4期
151-155
,共5页
柳开楼%胡惠文%周利军%叶会财%徐小林%王赛莲
柳開樓%鬍惠文%週利軍%葉會財%徐小林%王賽蓮
류개루%호혜문%주리군%협회재%서소림%왕새련
双氰胺%红壤旱地%芝麻%硝态氮
雙氰胺%紅壤旱地%芝痳%硝態氮
쌍청알%홍양한지%지마%초태담
dicyandiamide%red soil%sesame%nitrate nitrogen
双氰胺与氮肥配施可以显著提高氮肥利用率，但是不同土壤上双氰胺的适宜施用量存在较大差异。为探讨旱作红壤适宜的双氰胺用量对芝麻的产量和土壤硝态氮含量变化影响，研究设置了等氮（90 kg N· hm－2）条件下7个双氰胺用量，即0％、3％、5％、7％、10％、15％和20％。试验结果表明：与不施双氰胺相比，双氰胺配施比例为5％的芝麻产量、收获指数和净利润分别增加了126％、29.0％、183％，而当双氰胺的添加量超过5％时，芝麻产量、收获指数和净利润呈现出随比例增加而逐渐降低的趋势。在阻控土壤硝化方面，芝麻成熟期各处理的土壤硝态氮含量表现出随双氰胺添加量的增加而逐渐降低的趋势。与对照相比，各处理的土壤硝态氮降低了11.6％～22.3％。因此，90 kg N· hm－2氮肥施用条件下，5％的双氰胺添加量是较适宜的用量，能够显著提高芝麻产量和经济效益，并可降低红壤旱地中土壤硝态氮累积。表3，图3，参20。
雙氰胺與氮肥配施可以顯著提高氮肥利用率，但是不同土壤上雙氰胺的適宜施用量存在較大差異。為探討旱作紅壤適宜的雙氰胺用量對芝痳的產量和土壤硝態氮含量變化影響，研究設置瞭等氮（90 kg N· hm－2）條件下7箇雙氰胺用量，即0％、3％、5％、7％、10％、15％和20％。試驗結果錶明：與不施雙氰胺相比，雙氰胺配施比例為5％的芝痳產量、收穫指數和淨利潤分彆增加瞭126％、29.0％、183％，而噹雙氰胺的添加量超過5％時，芝痳產量、收穫指數和淨利潤呈現齣隨比例增加而逐漸降低的趨勢。在阻控土壤硝化方麵，芝痳成熟期各處理的土壤硝態氮含量錶現齣隨雙氰胺添加量的增加而逐漸降低的趨勢。與對照相比，各處理的土壤硝態氮降低瞭11.6％～22.3％。因此，90 kg N· hm－2氮肥施用條件下，5％的雙氰胺添加量是較適宜的用量，能夠顯著提高芝痳產量和經濟效益，併可降低紅壤旱地中土壤硝態氮纍積。錶3，圖3，參20。
쌍청알여담비배시가이현저제고담비이용솔，단시불동토양상쌍청알적괄의시용량존재교대차이。위탐토한작홍양괄의적쌍청알용량대지마적산량화토양초태담함량변화영향，연구설치료등담（90 kg N· hm－2）조건하7개쌍청알용량，즉0％、3％、5％、7％、10％、15％화20％。시험결과표명：여불시쌍청알상비，쌍청알배시비례위5％적지마산량、수획지수화정리윤분별증가료126％、29.0％、183％，이당쌍청알적첨가량초과5％시，지마산량、수획지수화정리윤정현출수비례증가이축점강저적추세。재조공토양초화방면，지마성숙기각처리적토양초태담함량표현출수쌍청알첨가량적증가이축점강저적추세。여대조상비，각처리적토양초태담강저료11.6％～22.3％。인차，90 kg N· hm－2담비시용조건하，5％적쌍청알첨가량시교괄의적용량，능구현저제고지마산량화경제효익，병가강저홍양한지중토양초태담루적。표3，도3，삼20。
Dicyandiamide and nitrogen combination can improve nitrogen use efficiency , but the optimal rate of dicyandiamide varies in different soils.The objective of this study was to explore the effect of optimal rate of dicyandiamide on sesame yield and nitrate nitro -gen under the equivalent nitrogen condition in red soil.Seven dicyandiamide rates were implemented with 0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%and 20%in field, respectively.The result showed that dicyandiamide with nitrogen fertilizer could improve sesame yield , harvest index and economic benefits.The 5%dicyandiamide rate treatment was the best in all treatments.Compared with control treat-ment, 5%dicyandiamide rate increased sesame yield , harvest index and economic benefits by 126%, 29.0% and 183%, respec-tively;sesame yield, harvest index and economic benefits decreased with the increase in dicyandiamide rate.However, soil nitrate ni-trogen content decreased with the increase in dicyandiamide rate , and the nitrate nitrogen content in all dicyandiamide application treatments decreased by 11.6%~22.3%compared to control treatment.Therefore, 5%dicyandiamide was the optimal rate for sesame under 90 kg N· hm-2 application , which not only significantly increased the sesame yield and economic benefits , but also decreased soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation in red soil.
