动物营养学报
動物營養學報
동물영양학보
Chinese Journal Of Animal Nutrition
2015年
11期
3597-3603
,共7页
马霞%陈效儒%潘瑜%张璐%金雄华
馬霞%陳效儒%潘瑜%張璐%金雄華
마하%진효유%반유%장로%금웅화
乌鳢%木薯粉%面粉%生长性能%肝脏
烏鱧%木藷粉%麵粉%生長性能%肝髒
오례%목서분%면분%생장성능%간장
Channa argus%cassava meal%wheat flour%growth performance%hepatopancreas
用木薯粉分别替代基础饲料(面粉含量24%)中0 (对照)、25%、50%、75%、100%的面粉,配制成木薯粉添加量分别为0、6%、12%、18%和24%的5种等氮(含40%粗蛋白质)膨化饲料. 将400尾初重为(50.0±0.5) g的乌鳢随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复20尾. 5组乌鳢随机饲喂1种试验饲料,饲喂60 d后研究木薯粉替代不同比例面粉对乌鳢生长性能、肌肉组成、肝脏健康的影响. 结果表明:随着替代比例的升高,增重率和特定生长率呈逐渐降低的趋势,而饲料系数呈逐渐升高的趋势. 增重率和特定生长率以对照组最高,显著高于75%和100%替代组(P<0.05);而饲料系数则以对照组最低,且显著低于100%替代组(P<0.05). 各组乌鳢的蛋白质效率及肌肉粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均没有显著差异( P>0.05). 木薯粉替代不同比例面粉对乌鳢血清总胆固醇和葡萄糖含量没有显著影响( P>0.05) ,但对照组血清甘油三酯含量显著低于其他各组( P<0.05). 各组乌鳢的肝体比随着替代比例的升高呈逐渐增大的趋势,但各组间差异不显著( P>0.05). 与对照组相比,50%和75%替代组肝糖原含量显著升高( P<0.05),但100%替代组肝糖原含量则显著降低(P<0.05). 血清谷草转氨酶活性随着替代比例的升高逐渐升高,且对照组显著低于100%替代组(P>0.05),但血清谷丙转氨酶活性各组间并没有显著差异(P>0.05). 综上所述,木薯粉能够替代饲料中 50%的面粉(木薯粉添加量为12%) ,而不会对乌鳢的生长性能及肝脏健康产生不利影响,但过高的替代比例(≥75%)会影响乌鳢的肝脏健康,进而阻碍鱼体的正常生长.
用木藷粉分彆替代基礎飼料(麵粉含量24%)中0 (對照)、25%、50%、75%、100%的麵粉,配製成木藷粉添加量分彆為0、6%、12%、18%和24%的5種等氮(含40%粗蛋白質)膨化飼料. 將400尾初重為(50.0±0.5) g的烏鱧隨機分為5組,每組4箇重複,每箇重複20尾. 5組烏鱧隨機飼餵1種試驗飼料,飼餵60 d後研究木藷粉替代不同比例麵粉對烏鱧生長性能、肌肉組成、肝髒健康的影響. 結果錶明:隨著替代比例的升高,增重率和特定生長率呈逐漸降低的趨勢,而飼料繫數呈逐漸升高的趨勢. 增重率和特定生長率以對照組最高,顯著高于75%和100%替代組(P<0.05);而飼料繫數則以對照組最低,且顯著低于100%替代組(P<0.05). 各組烏鱧的蛋白質效率及肌肉粗蛋白質、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均沒有顯著差異( P>0.05). 木藷粉替代不同比例麵粉對烏鱧血清總膽固醇和葡萄糖含量沒有顯著影響( P>0.05) ,但對照組血清甘油三酯含量顯著低于其他各組( P<0.05). 各組烏鱧的肝體比隨著替代比例的升高呈逐漸增大的趨勢,但各組間差異不顯著( P>0.05). 與對照組相比,50%和75%替代組肝糖原含量顯著升高( P<0.05),但100%替代組肝糖原含量則顯著降低(P<0.05). 血清穀草轉氨酶活性隨著替代比例的升高逐漸升高,且對照組顯著低于100%替代組(P>0.05),但血清穀丙轉氨酶活性各組間併沒有顯著差異(P>0.05). 綜上所述,木藷粉能夠替代飼料中 50%的麵粉(木藷粉添加量為12%) ,而不會對烏鱧的生長性能及肝髒健康產生不利影響,但過高的替代比例(≥75%)會影響烏鱧的肝髒健康,進而阻礙魚體的正常生長.
용목서분분별체대기출사료(면분함량24%)중0 (대조)、25%、50%、75%、100%적면분,배제성목서분첨가량분별위0、6%、12%、18%화24%적5충등담(함40%조단백질)팽화사료. 장400미초중위(50.0±0.5) g적오례수궤분위5조,매조4개중복,매개중복20미. 5조오례수궤사위1충시험사료,사위60 d후연구목서분체대불동비례면분대오례생장성능、기육조성、간장건강적영향. 결과표명:수착체대비례적승고,증중솔화특정생장솔정축점강저적추세,이사료계수정축점승고적추세. 증중솔화특정생장솔이대조조최고,현저고우75%화100%체대조(P<0.05);이사료계수칙이대조조최저,차현저저우100%체대조(P<0.05). 각조오례적단백질효솔급기육조단백질、조지방화조회분함량균몰유현저차이( P>0.05). 목서분체대불동비례면분대오례혈청총담고순화포도당함량몰유현저영향( P>0.05) ,단대조조혈청감유삼지함량현저저우기타각조( P<0.05). 각조오례적간체비수착체대비례적승고정축점증대적추세,단각조간차이불현저( P>0.05). 여대조조상비,50%화75%체대조간당원함량현저승고( P<0.05),단100%체대조간당원함량칙현저강저(P<0.05). 혈청곡초전안매활성수착체대비례적승고축점승고,차대조조현저저우100%체대조(P>0.05),단혈청곡병전안매활성각조간병몰유현저차이(P>0.05). 종상소술,목서분능구체대사료중 50%적면분(목서분첨가량위12%) ,이불회대오례적생장성능급간장건강산생불리영향,단과고적체대비례(≥75%)회영향오례적간장건강,진이조애어체적정상생장.
A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing wheat flour with cas-sava meal on the growth performance, muscle composition and hepatopancreas health of Channa argus. Five isonitrogenous ( contained 40% crude protein) diets were formulated to contain 0, 6%, 12%, 18% and 24%cassava meal repalacing 0 ( control) , 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% wheat flour on the basis of basal diet ( con-tained 24% wheat flour) , respectively. A total of 400 Channa argus with the initial average body weight of (50.0±0.5) g were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate, and the fish in the 5 groups were randomly fed one of five diets. The results of showed as follows:the weight gain rate ( WGR) and specific growth rate ( SGR) were showed a descending trend with the replacing ratio increas-ing, while the feed conversion ratio ( FCR) showed a rising tendency. The highest values of WGR and SGR were observed in the control group, and they were significantly higher than those in the 75% and 100% repla-cing groups ( P<0.05); the lowest value of FCR was observed in the control group, and it was significantly lower than that in the 100% replacing groups (P<0.05). No significant differences in protein efficiency ratio ( PER) and the contents of crude protein, crude lipid and ash in muscle were noticed among all groups ( P>0.05). No significant difference in serum total cholesterol (TC) and glucose (Glu) contents were observed a-mong all groups (P<0.05), however, the serum triacylglycerol (TG) content in control group was signifi-cantly lower than that in other groups ( P<0.05) . The hepatosmatic index was gradually increased with the re-placing ratio increasing, but no significant difference was observed among all groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the liver glycogen content in the 50% and 75% replacing groups was significantly in-creased ( P<0.05) , while the that in the 100% replacing group was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . Serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase ( GOT) activity was gradually increaced with the replacing ratio increasing, and it in control group was significantly lower than that in 100% replacing group ( P>0.05) . However, no sig-nificantly difference in serum glutamic-pyruvic transamine ( GPT) activity was noticed among all groups ( P>0.05) . The results show that it is feasible to replace 50% wheat flour with cassava meal ( cassava meal supple-mental level is 12%) in Channa argus diets without negative effects on growth performance and hepatopancreas health. Meanwhile, replacing ratio (≥75%) may lead to a negative effect on hepatopancreas health and stunt the growth of Channa argus.
