江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）
江囌師範大學學報（哲學社會科學版）
강소사범대학학보（철학사회과학판）
Journal of Jiansu Normal University (Philosophy and Sciences Edition)
2015年
6期
153-156
,共4页
皮影%宗教性%人文风尚%面具%鸟图腾
皮影%宗教性%人文風尚%麵具%鳥圖騰
피영%종교성%인문풍상%면구%조도등
Shadow Play%Origin%Humanistic fashion%Mask%Birds totem
皮影的起源说法众多，顾颉刚先生在《中国影戏略史及现状》中有周代说和汉武李夫人之事的汉代说，他认为皮影在陕西发源；孙楷第先生认为皮影在唐五代始有。对皮影的人物造型风格，专家现存的论著多以地域为划分。笔者根据皮影的人物造型特征，考据历史上相关的社会宗教生活形态和人文风貌，分别以人类学角度、宗教学角度和人物头部造型形态审美的关系为基点，认为皮影的初期形态至少在汉唐已经形成，不过存在于民俗风尚艺术和宗教巫术的某些具体形态之中，尚不具备戏曲那样完善的视听体系，直到唐代戏剧雏形的形成，宋代戏剧繁荣时才得以完善为专门的戏剧形态。
皮影的起源說法衆多，顧頡剛先生在《中國影戲略史及現狀》中有週代說和漢武李伕人之事的漢代說，他認為皮影在陝西髮源；孫楷第先生認為皮影在唐五代始有。對皮影的人物造型風格，專傢現存的論著多以地域為劃分。筆者根據皮影的人物造型特徵，攷據歷史上相關的社會宗教生活形態和人文風貌，分彆以人類學角度、宗教學角度和人物頭部造型形態審美的關繫為基點，認為皮影的初期形態至少在漢唐已經形成，不過存在于民俗風尚藝術和宗教巫術的某些具體形態之中，尚不具備戲麯那樣完善的視聽體繫，直到唐代戲劇雛形的形成，宋代戲劇繁榮時纔得以完善為專門的戲劇形態。
피영적기원설법음다，고힐강선생재《중국영희략사급현상》중유주대설화한무리부인지사적한대설，타인위피영재협서발원；손해제선생인위피영재당오대시유。대피영적인물조형풍격，전가현존적론저다이지역위화분。필자근거피영적인물조형특정，고거역사상상관적사회종교생활형태화인문풍모，분별이인류학각도、종교학각도화인물두부조형형태심미적관계위기점，인위피영적초기형태지소재한당이경형성，불과존재우민속풍상예술화종교무술적모사구체형태지중，상불구비희곡나양완선적시은체계，직도당대희극추형적형성，송대희극번영시재득이완선위전문적희극형태。
It remains unconfirmed about the origin of shadow play in the present academics.Gu Liegang believed that it started from the early Han Dynasty in Shan'xi Province according to his book History and Current Situation of Chinese Shadow Play .But Sun Kaidi speculated that Shadow play appeared during the Tang and the Five Dynasties in Chinese history.The figure styles in shadow play are mostly characterized by the division of regions according to the expert's works.The initial form of shadow play should have been built during the Han Dynasty,and those might be widely inte-grated into folk custom arts and religious witchcrafts in certain concrete forms.Drama prototypes of shadow play were on-ly formed in Tang Dynasty and specialized drama forms were improved during the Song Dynasty,when China shadow play was well developed towards prosperity.
