东北大学学报（社会科学版）
東北大學學報（社會科學版）
동북대학학보（사회과학판）
Journal of Northeastern University (Social Science)
2015年
6期
625-630
,共6页
私营海上武装保安%海盗行为%自卫
私營海上武裝保安%海盜行為%自衛
사영해상무장보안%해도행위%자위
privately contracted armed security guard%piracy%self-defense
随着海盗行为的猖獗，航运公司使用私营海上武装保安防卫海盗袭击越来越普遍。国际习惯法和各国国内法都承认，个体在遭受不法攻击时可以使用武力自卫。但国际海洋法中缺乏对个体在海上使用武力自卫的规定，且各国对自卫的一般规定和针对私营海上武装保安使用武力自卫的进一步指南各有不同，难于对商船上私营海上武装保安使用武力自卫提供明确和可预见性的法律规则指引。因此，为更好地利用这种保护航运业的有效措施，使用武力自卫的规则应当在国际范围内实现统一。
隨著海盜行為的猖獗，航運公司使用私營海上武裝保安防衛海盜襲擊越來越普遍。國際習慣法和各國國內法都承認，箇體在遭受不法攻擊時可以使用武力自衛。但國際海洋法中缺乏對箇體在海上使用武力自衛的規定，且各國對自衛的一般規定和針對私營海上武裝保安使用武力自衛的進一步指南各有不同，難于對商船上私營海上武裝保安使用武力自衛提供明確和可預見性的法律規則指引。因此，為更好地利用這種保護航運業的有效措施，使用武力自衛的規則應噹在國際範圍內實現統一。
수착해도행위적창궐，항운공사사용사영해상무장보안방위해도습격월래월보편。국제습관법화각국국내법도승인，개체재조수불법공격시가이사용무력자위。단국제해양법중결핍대개체재해상사용무력자위적규정，차각국대자위적일반규정화침대사영해상무장보안사용무력자위적진일보지남각유불동，난우대상선상사영해상무장보안사용무력자위제공명학화가예견성적법률규칙지인。인차，위경호지이용저충보호항운업적유효조시，사용무력자위적규칙응당재국제범위내실현통일。
With the rampant piracy,employing privately armed security guards on board against pirates’ attack has become more and more popular with shipping companies.Consequently,the basis of armed security guards’ use of force to combat pirates has been at issue.When an individual is confronted with an illegal attack,he or she is entitled to use force for self-defense,which is recognized by the customary international law and national laws.However,regarding the use of force for self-defense,there are no specific provisions in the maritime international law and there exist various versions of guidelines in the national laws,which make it difficult to provide privately armed security guards on board with clear and predictable laws and regulations in the use of force for self-defense.Therefore,in order to make better use of these effective measures to protect the shipping industry,the rules of force use for self-defense should achieve unity in the international level.
