CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解城市居民的大肠癌筛查知识、信念及行为现状，探讨居民大肠癌筛查参与意愿的影响因素。方法于2013年7月1—21日，采用完全随机抽样法，在北京陶然亭社区和天桥社区抽取居民600名，其中陶然亭社区330名，天桥社区270名。采用自行设计的访问式问卷，以集中现场调查和入户调查相结合的形式对居民进行调查。问卷内容包括居民的基本情况和大肠癌筛查知信行情况，将问卷填写合格的482名居民纳入研究。结果居民大肠癌筛查知识的中位得分为9（3）分，其中得分较好、一般、较差的居民数分别为48名（占10.0％）、207名（占42.9％）、227名（占47.1％）；平均信念得分为（44±10）分，其中得分较好、一般、较差的居民数分别为245名（占50.8％）、233名（占48.4％）、4名（占0.8％）；在大肠癌筛查参与意愿方面，愿意、不愿意、不确定是否参加免费大肠癌筛查的患者数分别为337名（占69.9％）、107名（占22.2％）、38名（占7.9％）。Spearman秩相关分析显示，知识与信念（rs ＝0.19，P﹤0.05）、知识与参与意愿（rs ＝0.12，P﹤0.05）、信念与参与意愿（rs ＝0.15，P﹤0.05）间均呈正相关关系。不同年龄、文化程度、信念得分居民的大肠癌筛查参与意愿比较，差异有统计学意义（ P﹤0.05）；不同性别、婚姻状况、职业、家庭人均月收入、医疗保险、知识得分居民的大肠癌筛查参与意愿比较，差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）。二分类非条件Logistic回归分析显示，性别、年龄及信念得分对居民大肠癌筛查参与意愿的影响有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。结论城市居民的大肠癌筛查知识、信念、行为水平均有待提高，性别、年龄及筛查信念是居民大肠癌筛查参与意愿的影响因素。应以知信行理论为基础，制定干预措施，提高居民大肠癌筛查的知识和信念水平，从而改善其筛查行为。目的：瞭解城市居民的大腸癌篩查知識、信唸及行為現狀，探討居民大腸癌篩查參與意願的影響因素。方法于2013年7月1—21日，採用完全隨機抽樣法，在北京陶然亭社區和天橋社區抽取居民600名，其中陶然亭社區330名，天橋社區270名。採用自行設計的訪問式問捲，以集中現場調查和入戶調查相結閤的形式對居民進行調查。問捲內容包括居民的基本情況和大腸癌篩查知信行情況，將問捲填寫閤格的482名居民納入研究。結果居民大腸癌篩查知識的中位得分為9（3）分，其中得分較好、一般、較差的居民數分彆為48名（佔10.0％）、207名（佔42.9％）、227名（佔47.1％）；平均信唸得分為（44±10）分，其中得分較好、一般、較差的居民數分彆為245名（佔50.8％）、233名（佔48.4％）、4名（佔0.8％）；在大腸癌篩查參與意願方麵，願意、不願意、不確定是否參加免費大腸癌篩查的患者數分彆為337名（佔69.9％）、107名（佔22.2％）、38名（佔7.9％）。Spearman秩相關分析顯示，知識與信唸（rs ＝0.19，P﹤0.05）、知識與參與意願（rs ＝0.12，P﹤0.05）、信唸與參與意願（rs ＝0.15，P﹤0.05）間均呈正相關關繫。不同年齡、文化程度、信唸得分居民的大腸癌篩查參與意願比較，差異有統計學意義（ P﹤0.05）；不同性彆、婚姻狀況、職業、傢庭人均月收入、醫療保險、知識得分居民的大腸癌篩查參與意願比較，差異無統計學意義（P﹥0.05）。二分類非條件Logistic迴歸分析顯示，性彆、年齡及信唸得分對居民大腸癌篩查參與意願的影響有統計學意義（P﹤0.05）。結論城市居民的大腸癌篩查知識、信唸、行為水平均有待提高，性彆、年齡及篩查信唸是居民大腸癌篩查參與意願的影響因素。應以知信行理論為基礎，製定榦預措施，提高居民大腸癌篩查的知識和信唸水平，從而改善其篩查行為。
목적：료해성시거민적대장암사사지식、신념급행위현상，탐토거민대장암사사삼여의원적영향인소。방법우2013년7월1—21일，채용완전수궤추양법，재북경도연정사구화천교사구추취거민600명，기중도연정사구330명，천교사구270명。채용자행설계적방문식문권，이집중현장조사화입호조사상결합적형식대거민진행조사。문권내용포괄거민적기본정황화대장암사사지신행정황，장문권전사합격적482명거민납입연구。결과거민대장암사사지식적중위득분위9（3）분，기중득분교호、일반、교차적거민수분별위48명（점10.0％）、207명（점42.9％）、227명（점47.1％）；평균신념득분위（44±10）분，기중득분교호、일반、교차적거민수분별위245명（점50.8％）、233명（점48.4％）、4명（점0.8％）；재대장암사사삼여의원방면，원의、불원의、불학정시부삼가면비대장암사사적환자수분별위337명（점69.9％）、107명（점22.2％）、38명（점7.9％）。Spearman질상관분석현시，지식여신념（rs ＝0.19，P﹤0.05）、지식여삼여의원（rs ＝0.12，P﹤0.05）、신념여삼여의원（rs ＝0.15，P﹤0.05）간균정정상관관계。불동년령、문화정도、신념득분거민적대장암사사삼여의원비교，차이유통계학의의（ P﹤0.05）；불동성별、혼인상황、직업、가정인균월수입、의료보험、지식득분거민적대장암사사삼여의원비교，차이무통계학의의（P﹥0.05）。이분류비조건Logistic회귀분석현시，성별、년령급신념득분대거민대장암사사삼여의원적영향유통계학의의（P﹤0.05）。결론성시거민적대장암사사지식、신념、행위수평균유대제고，성별、년령급사사신념시거민대장암사사삼여의원적영향인소。응이지신행이론위기출，제정간예조시，제고거민대장암사사적지식화신념수평，종이개선기사사행위。
Objective To investigate the status of knowledge,attitude and practice of colorectal cancer screening and the influencing factors for the willingness for the screening among urban residents. Methods From July 1 to July 21 in 2013, using complete random sampling method, we enrolled 600 residents from Taoranting Community and Tianqiao Community in Beijing,with 300 residents in Taoranting Community and 270 in Tianqiao Community. Self-designed questionnaire for interview was adopted,and survey was conducted in the form of on-site investigation combined with household investigation. The content of the questionnaire included the basic information and the KAP status of colorectal cancer screening. A total of 482 residents who completed questionnaires well were included. Results The median score of the knowledge of colorectal cancer screening was 9 (3),and the numbers of residents with excellent,medium,and poor scores were 48(10. 0%),207(42. 9%)and 227 (47. 1%)respectively;the average score of attitude was(44 ± 10),and the numbers of residents with excellent,medium, and poor scores were 245(50. 8%),233(48. 4%)and 4(0. 8%);as for the willingness for colorectal cancer screening, the number of patients who were willing,unwilling and uncertain for the colorectal cancer screening free of charge were 337 (69. 9%),107(22. 2%)and 38(7. 9%). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between knowledge and attitude(rs =0. 19,P﹤0. 05),between knowledge and willingness for the screening(rs =0. 12,P﹤0. 05) and between attitude and willingness for the screening(rs =0. 15,P﹤0. 05). Residents with different ages,education levels and scores of attitude were significantly different in the willingness for the screening of colorectal cancer ( P﹤0. 05 );residents with different genders,marital status,occupation,home monthly income per capita,medical insurance and scores of knowledge were not significantly different in the willingness for the screening of colorectal cancer ( P ﹥0. 05 ) . Binary non -conditional logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age and the score of attitude have significant influence on the willingness for the screening of colorectal cancer(P ﹤0. 05). Conclusion The levels of knowledge,attitude and practice of colorectal cancer screening among urban residents need to be improved. Gender,age and the attitude towards the screening are influencing factors for the willingness for the screening of colorectal cancer. The KAP theory should be taken as the basis,precaution measures should be formulated,the levels of knowledge and attitude of residents about the colorectal cancer screening should be improved,so as to improve the behaviors in colorectal cancer screening.