CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨不同孕期服用叶酸与婴幼儿喘息发生的关系，为孕期服用叶酸选择合适时机提供依据。方法选取2011年4月—2012年4月于连云港市妇幼保健院出生的婴幼儿1320例为研究对象。以电话或门诊问卷调查的方式收集婴幼儿及其母亲临床资料，包括婴幼儿性别、出生体质量、胎次、出生季节及出生2年内是否发生婴幼儿喘息；母亲受教育程度、吸烟史、喂养方式、孕期是否服用维生素A或维生素D、是否为特应性体质及服用叶酸的时期。根据婴幼儿是否发生喘息分为病例组（397例）和对照组（923例）。结果两组婴幼儿性别、出生体质量、第一胎比例、出生季节及其母亲受教育程度、母亲吸烟率、喂养方式、孕期服用维生素A或维生素D率比较，差异均无统计学意义（ P﹥0.05）。特应性体质母亲中，两组婴幼儿的母亲开始服用叶酸时期比较，差异有统计学意义（ P ﹤0.05）；其中，孕中后期开始服用叶酸的母亲的婴幼儿发生喘息的风险是未服用叶酸母亲的婴幼儿的1.95倍。非特应性体质母亲中，两组婴幼儿的母亲开始服用叶酸时期比较，差异无统计学意义（ P﹥0.05）。结论特应性体质母亲孕中后期开始服用叶酸可能使婴幼儿喘息的发生风险增加。
목적：탐토불동잉기복용협산여영유인천식발생적관계，위잉기복용협산선택합괄시궤제공의거。방법선취2011년4월—2012년4월우련운항시부유보건원출생적영유인1320례위연구대상。이전화혹문진문권조사적방식수집영유인급기모친림상자료，포괄영유인성별、출생체질량、태차、출생계절급출생2년내시부발생영유인천식；모친수교육정도、흡연사、위양방식、잉기시부복용유생소A혹유생소D、시부위특응성체질급복용협산적시기。근거영유인시부발생천식분위병례조（397례）화대조조（923례）。결과량조영유인성별、출생체질량、제일태비례、출생계절급기모친수교육정도、모친흡연솔、위양방식、잉기복용유생소A혹유생소D솔비교，차이균무통계학의의（ P﹥0.05）。특응성체질모친중，량조영유인적모친개시복용협산시기비교，차이유통계학의의（ P ﹤0.05）；기중，잉중후기개시복용협산적모친적영유인발생천식적풍험시미복용협산모친적영유인적1.95배。비특응성체질모친중，량조영유인적모친개시복용협산시기비교，차이무통계학의의（ P﹥0.05）。결론특응성체질모친잉중후기개시복용협산가능사영유인천식적발생풍험증가。
Objective To investigate the relation between folic acid supplement at different stages of pregnancy and wheezing of infants,in order to provide references for the choice of good timing of folic acid supplement during pregnancy. Methods We enrolled 1 320 infants who were born in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health-care Center from April 2011 to April 2012. By phone calls and questionnaire survey in clinics,the data about the infants and their mothers were collected, including infants'gender,birth weight,first child or not,birth season and whether wheezing occurred within 2 years after birth, mother's education degree, smoking history, feeding method, whether vitamin A or vitamin D was complemented during pregnancy,family-specific constitution or not,and stages of pregnancy supplying folic acid. According to whether wheezing occurred,the infants were divided into case group(n=397)and control group(n=923). Results The two groups were not significantly different(P﹥0. 05)in gender,birth weight,proportion of infants being first child,birth season,education level of the mothers,proportion of smoking,feeding method,proportion of mothers who had supplement of vitamin A and vitamin D during pregnancy. For their mothers with family-specific constitution,two groups were significantly different in the pregnancy stage when began to take folic acid(P﹤0. 05);the infants whose mothers began to take folic acid in middle and late stages of pregnancy had a risk of wheezing 1. 95 times greater than the that of infants whose mothers didn't take folic acid. For their mothers without family-specific constitution,two groups were not significantly different in the pregnancy stage when the mothers began to take folic acid(P﹥0. 05). Conclusion Mothers with family-specific constitution begin to take folic acid in middle and late stages of pregnancy may increase the risk of wheezing in infants.