中国医学创新
中國醫學創新
중국의학창신
Medical Innovation of China
2015年
31期
101-103
,共3页
医务人员%职业暴露%防护制度
醫務人員%職業暴露%防護製度
의무인원%직업폭로%방호제도
Medical personnel%Occupational exposures%Protective system
目的：调查分析医务人员发生职业暴露的情况，探讨建立有效的职业暴露防护制度。方法：回顾性调查本院2012年10月-2014年10月42名医务人员职业暴露发生情况，对发生职业暴露的医务人员的基本资料、暴露时间、地点、暴露源、暴露方式、暴露发生的环节及医护人员有无防护等进行统计分析。结果：病区是发生职业暴露的高危科室，占54.8%；锐器伤是职业暴露最常见的原因，占83.3%；护士，特别是低年资护士是职业暴露的高危人群，占71.4%；暴露源以不明暴露为主，占47.6%，其次为乙型肝炎病毒，占23.8%。结论：医护人员由于职业的特殊性面临职业暴露的高危风险，就职时提前注射疫苗做好自我保护、医院院感科建立快速有效的监测报告机制、并加强高危人群的职业防护培训、暴露后及时处理伤口合理用药及暴露后按相关规定进行追踪均是降低职业感染的有效办法。
目的：調查分析醫務人員髮生職業暴露的情況，探討建立有效的職業暴露防護製度。方法：迴顧性調查本院2012年10月-2014年10月42名醫務人員職業暴露髮生情況，對髮生職業暴露的醫務人員的基本資料、暴露時間、地點、暴露源、暴露方式、暴露髮生的環節及醫護人員有無防護等進行統計分析。結果：病區是髮生職業暴露的高危科室，佔54.8%；銳器傷是職業暴露最常見的原因，佔83.3%；護士，特彆是低年資護士是職業暴露的高危人群，佔71.4%；暴露源以不明暴露為主，佔47.6%，其次為乙型肝炎病毒，佔23.8%。結論：醫護人員由于職業的特殊性麵臨職業暴露的高危風險，就職時提前註射疫苗做好自我保護、醫院院感科建立快速有效的鑑測報告機製、併加彊高危人群的職業防護培訓、暴露後及時處理傷口閤理用藥及暴露後按相關規定進行追蹤均是降低職業感染的有效辦法。
목적：조사분석의무인원발생직업폭로적정황，탐토건립유효적직업폭로방호제도。방법：회고성조사본원2012년10월-2014년10월42명의무인원직업폭로발생정황，대발생직업폭로적의무인원적기본자료、폭로시간、지점、폭로원、폭로방식、폭로발생적배절급의호인원유무방호등진행통계분석。결과：병구시발생직업폭로적고위과실，점54.8%；예기상시직업폭로최상견적원인，점83.3%；호사，특별시저년자호사시직업폭로적고위인군，점71.4%；폭로원이불명폭로위주，점47.6%，기차위을형간염병독，점23.8%。결론：의호인원유우직업적특수성면림직업폭로적고위풍험，취직시제전주사역묘주호자아보호、의원원감과건립쾌속유효적감측보고궤제、병가강고위인군적직업방호배훈、폭로후급시처리상구합리용약급폭로후안상관규정진행추종균시강저직업감염적유효판법。
Objective:To analyze the occupational exposure situation of medical staff and to explore the establishment of an effective system for the protection of occupational exposure.Method:A retrospective investigation was given to the 42 medical staffs with occupational exposure in our hospital from October 2012 to October 2014.Their basic information,exposure time and place,sources of exposure,exposure ways,link of the occurrence of exposure and protection measures were analyzed.Result:Wards were the high risk department for occupational exposure,which accounted for 54.8%.Sharp injuries were the most common causes for occupational exposure,which accounted for 83.3%.Nurses,especially junior nurses were the high risk group of occupational exposure,which accounted for 71.4%. Unknown exposure was the main exposure source,which accounted for 47.6%.Hepatitis B virus was the second exposure source,which accounted for 23.8%.Conclusion:Medical staffs are at high risk of occupational exposure due to the particularity of their career.Vaccination for self-protection before taking office,establish a quick and efficient monitoring report mechanism,strengthen the occupational protection training of high-risk population,timely deal with the wound, rational use of the drugs and tracing according to relevant provisions after the exposure are all effective ways to reduce the occupational infection.
